• Environmental policy should be inspired by the recognition that the environment
is everyone’s business; all social actors must be involved in environmental
management
• Policies that implicitly subsidize a wasteful and environmentally destructive
use of resources are pervasive: reforms should command a high priority on
economic as well as environmental grounds
• Compared to regulation, market-based instruments are little used but they can
be more efficient; they can also produce revenues to finance environmental
improvements
• Regulatory effectiveness can be improved by: relying more on preventive
measures, including environmental impact assessment; targeting large polluters;
strengthening enforcement; and favouring mediation over litigation
