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Working Papers


  • 20-April-2015

    English, PDF, 1,056kb

    Policy Brief on Informal Entrepreneurship

    The informal economy has proven an enduring problem in the developing world as much as in advanced economies such as those of the European Union. This Policy Brief was prepared by the LEED Programme of the OECD with the financial support of the European Commission, Directorate-General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion.

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  • 16-April-2015

    English, PDF, 1,833kb

    New Approaches to SME and Entrepreneurship Financing: Broadening the Range of Instruments

    The OECD Working Party on SMEs and Entrepreneurship (WPSMEE) project on “New approaches to SME and entrepreneurship finance: broadening the range of instruments” aims to help broaden the finance options available to SMEs and entrepreneurs.

  • 30-March-2015

    English, PDF, 683kb

    Policy Brief on Expanding Networks for Inclusive Entrepreneurship

    Entrepreneurial networks are groups of interconnected entrepreneurs, business service providers and various other relevant people who entrepreneurs can access for information and ideas for the operation of their businesses in reciprocal relationships.

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  • 1-March-2015

    English

    Industry Self Regulation - Role and Use in Supporting Consumer Interests

    The report notes that industry self-regulation (ISR) can play an important role in addressing consumer issues, particularly when business codes of conduct and standards are involved. It draws on 23 case studies covering notably advertising, financial services, telecommunications, video games and software applications (apps), toys, and direct selling.

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  • 23-February-2015

    English

    Manufacturing or Services? That is (not) the Question - The Role of Manufacturing and Services in OECD Economies

    While de-industrialisation and offshoring have dominated the news about manufacturing during the past decades, recent years have witnessed a number of examples of companies re-shoring activities back to OECD economies. Policy discussions often ignore the profound changes manufacturing has undergone. This working paper addresses this issue against the background of long-term structural change in OECD economies.

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  • 16-January-2015

    English, PDF, 912kb

    Investment Treaties over Time - Treaty Practice and Interpretation in a Changing World, International Investment Working Paper 2015/2

    Investment treaty law reflects a permanent tension between stability and flexibility. Stability nurtures predictability, while flexibility helps legal systems stay in alignment with changing circumstances and evolving needs. This paper establishes an inventory of the mechanisms in investment treaty law that provide flexibility and surveys relevant treaty practice.

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  • 14-January-2015

    English, PDF, 994kb

    The Policy Landscape for International Investment by Government-controlled Investors: A Fact Finding Survey, International Investment Working Paper 2015/1

    Government-controlled investors, including state-owned enterprises and sovereign wealth funds, have greatly expanded their international activities in recent years. This paper describes the existing policy landscape of international investments by government-controlled investors under both national and international frameworks.

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  • 28-October-2014

    English

    Renewable Energy Policies and Cross-border Investment: Evidence from Mergers & Acquisitions in Solar and Wind Energy

    The study assesses the role of feed-in tariffs (FITs) and renewable energy certificates (RECs) in creating incentives for cross-border investments and for investments in particular technological portfolios via M&A. The analysis explores the dataset on M&As in alternative energy sources worldwide over 2005-2011.

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  • 16-October-2014

    English, PDF, 4,560kb

    Supporting entrepreneurship in the vocational training system in Tunisia (doc)

    The OECD is undertaking a series of reviews of entrepreneurship support in vocational training and higher training in selected regions and countries as part of its activity on skills and competencies for entrepreneurship.

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  • 10-October-2014

    English, PDF, 903kb

    Investment Treaties and Shareholder Claims: Analysis of Treaty Practice, International Investment Working Paper 2014/3

    This paper analyses investment treaty provisions relating to shareholder claims. It addresses (i) treaty regimes for shareholder recovery and company recovery of damages; (ii) the interaction of reflective loss claims with treaty provisions that seek to limit multiple claims; and (iii) treaty provisions applicable to government objections to shareholder claims for reflective loss.

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