This paper examines the Tailored Work Experience (TWE) programme in Wales, an initiative launched in 2022 to re-engage students aged 14–16 at risk of becoming Not in Education, Employment or Training (NEET). Drawing on international research, stakeholder perspectives, and new analysis of data from the 2022 OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA), the paper explores how extended work experience placements can influence student engagement, academic outcomes, and future aspirations. The analysis situates the TWE within broader theories of human, social and cultural capital, and compares it to similar programmes in OECD countries. It finds that while work experience can contribute positively to student motivation and long-term employment prospects, its effectiveness depends heavily on quality, student preparation, and integration with wider career development activities. The paper offers five key considerations for enhancing the TWE programme and highlights the importance of thoughtful design in maximising benefits for socially disadvantaged and low-performing students.
