Digital Government Outlook 2026: Romania
Table of contents
This country note presents an overview of the digital government landscape in Romania drawing on the results of the 2025 OECD Digital Government Index (DGI) and the 2025 OECD OURdata Index. The note outlines key policy developments in the country observed during the assessment period. It aims to inform policy dialogue and support Romania in advancing a whole-of-government approach to digital transformation in the public sector.
In the 2025 edition of the OECD Digital Government Index, Romania attained a score of 0.24, below the OECD average of 0.70. This represents a 0.04 increase since 2023 (Figure 1).
Romania recorded its strongest performance in Digital by Design (0.49) and Data-driven Public Sector (0.37), reflecting some progress in integrating digital technologies and leveraging data for decision-making, though both remain well below OECD averages of 0.75 and 0.74, respectively.
Lower scores were recorded in Proactiveness (0.06 vs 0.67), User-Driven (0.10 vs 0.71) and Government as a Platform (0.14 vs 0.71). This means that Romania has significant room for improvement across multiple dimensions, particularly in anticipating user needs, placing users at the centre of service design, and developing shared platforms for government-wide use.
In the 2025 edition of the OECD OURdata Index, Romania attained a score of 0.59, above the OECD average of 0.53 (Figure 2). This represents a 0.21 increase since 2023.
Romania recorded higher scores in Data accessibility (0.85) and Government support for data re-use (0.52), compared with OECD averages of 0.67 and 0.40, respectively. These results reflect Romania's strong progress in ensuring the accessibility of government datasets and in supporting data re-use.
Romania scored below the OECD average in Data availability (0.41 vs 0.53). This suggests that Romania has room for improvement in broadening the volume and scope of government datasets made available to the public.
Romania has established a strategic framework for open government data through the National Open Data Strategy 2024–2028. Adopted following public and inter-institutional consultation, the strategy focuses on strengthening open data governance, stakeholder engagement and the publication of high-value datasets. It also aims to improve data quality, promote re-use across the public, private and research sectors, and reinforce the co-ordination role of the General Secretariat of the Government.
Digital skills development in Romania is supported by a structured needs assessment and a large-scale programme under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan. A prior training needs analysis identified insufficient digital skills among civil servants as a barrier to e-government implementation. Investment 16 targets 32,500 civil servants with training in database management, systems administration, data analysis, and programming, with a dedicated track for 2,500 senior civil servants in leadership and talent management.
A comprehensive National Catalogue of Public Services is managed by the Authority for the Digitization of Romania. Created with the support of Code for Romania, the catalogue brings together over 3,394 services administered by over 568 institutions, with over 50% of services fully or partially digitised.
Romania's AI framework presents significant opportunities for development. A national AI strategy, ethical instruments, transparency mechanisms, oversight bodies, and documented AI deployment in government are not yet in place. Developing a comprehensive AI governance framework could support responsible adoption and strengthen public accountability.
Significant scope remains to strengthen Romania’s digital investment framework. A standardised value proposition model, dedicated funding and impact evaluation remain limited. Strengthening these elements could support more strategic planning and oversight.
The OECD Digital Government Outlook (DGO) provides a comprehensive assessment of digital government policies across OECD Members and accession candidate countries. It draws on the results of the 2025 OECD Digital Government Index (DGI) and the 2025 OECD Open, Useful and Re-usable Data (OURdata) Index to evaluate progress and identify persistent gaps in digital transformation across the public sector.
The DGI assesses the enabling foundations for digital transformation across six dimensions: Digital by Design, Data-driven Public Sector, Government as a Platform, Open by Default, User-Driven and Proactiveness. Rather than measuring the digitalisation of specific services, the DGI focuses on the strategies, policy levers, implementation practices and monitoring mechanisms that enable coherent, whole-of-government digital transformation.
The OURdata Index benchmarks the robustness of open government data policies across three pillars: data availability, data accessibility and government support for data re-use. It supports policymakers in monitoring the design and implementation of national open government data policies.
Both indices were developed with OECD Member countries through the OECD Working Party of Senior Digital Government Officials (E-Leaders) and approved by the OECD Public Governance Committee.
Figure 1: The 2025 DGI OECD average does not include Germany and the United States. 2025 data cover the period from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2024. The 2023 OECD average does not include Germany, Greece, Slovakia, Switzerland and the United States. 2023 data cover the period from 1 January 2021 to 31 October 2022. The composite score is the unweighted average of the six-dimension scores.
Figure 2: The 2025 and 2023 OURdata Index OECD average does not include Denmark, Hungary and the United States. 2025 data cover the period from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2024. 2023 data cover the period from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2021. The composite score is the unweighted average of the three-pillar scores.
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The full book is available in English: OECD (2026), Digital Government Outlook 2026: From Foundations to Transformational Impact, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/0496b2bc-en.
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