This document and the related peer-learning event were commissioned by the Department of Education and Youth in Ireland in the context of the OECD project Resourcing School Education: Policies for the Digital Transformation of Education and Future-Readiness of Teachers, which is included in the 2025-26 Programme of Work of OECD’s Education Policy Committee.
The document was prepared by Jose-Luis Alvarez-Galvan and Beatrice Bottura (OECD Secretariat), based on contributions from international experts who participated in the peer-learning event: Margus Pedaste (Estonia), Peter Karlberg (Sweden), and Maxime Barilleau (France). The OECD Secretariat gratefully acknowledges the valuable support of Susan Mulhall, Clare Connolly, and Edel Martin from the Department of Education and Youth in Ireland in organising the event in Dublin and contributing to the production of this document. The overall guidance and feedback on drafts provided by Andreas Schleicher (Director of Education and Skills) and Paulo Santiago (Head of Division, Policy Advice and Implementation) are gratefully acknowledged. Christina Mitrakos and Sophie Limoges (OECD Secretariat) supported the preparation of this document for its publication. Last but not least, this document has also benefited from the valuable input from delegates to the OECD Group of National Experts on School Resources (GNE-SR), which oversees the project.