OECD MAGIC Database of Industrial Subsidies

Industrial subsidies have reached their highest levels since the global financial crisis, amounting to USD 108 billion in 2024 and reflecting governments’ renewed interest for industrial policy in a challenging context for global trade and supply chains. Using detailed firm-level data from the 2026 release of the OECD MAnufacturing Groups and Industrial Corporations (MAGIC) database, this report finds that the production of solar energy equipment, semiconductors, and heavy industries were the most subsidised industrial sectors over the period 2005-24. The database also finds manufacturers based in China to receive relatively more subsidies than their competitors based in other jurisdictions, mainly in the form of government grants and below-market borrowings. Available evidence suggests that these subsidies are contributing to shaping global markets by increasing the global market share of recipient firms.