The paper was prepared by the OECD Directorate for Public Governance (GOV) under the leadership of Elsa Pilichowski (Director). It was prepared by Brian Finn, Senior Policy Analyst and Yosra Bedair, OECD Resident Advisor for public finance management in Cairo under the direction of Jón Blöndal Head of Division), all from GOV’s Public Management and Budgeting Division. Meral Gedik prepared the paper for publication.
The authors would like to thank Andrew Blazey, Deputy Head of the OECD Public Management and Budgeting Division, for his insightful comments on the draft version of this paper.
This review was prepared following a stocktaking mission conducted in April 2025 in Cairo, Egypt, and technical discussions between August 2025 and January 2026.
The OECD extends its sincere thanks to the Ministry of Finance, the Country Programme Unit at the Ministry of Planning, Economic Development and International Co-operation and to all institutions consulted in Cairo for their co-operation throughout the preparation of this review. In particular, the OECD expresses its profound appreciation to the Vice Minister of Finance for Fiscal Policies, H.E. Mr. Yasser Sobhi, and his team, Mr. Alaa Abdelrahman, Ms. Menna Mahmoud, as well as all MoF counterparts for their insightful contributions and their strong co-ordination both during and after the mission.