Global value chains data lab

Investment in machinery, equipment, buildings, software, research and other productive assets plays a central role in global production. Yet, in conventional frameworks for the analysis of trade in value added, capital goods and services are not considered an input to production like intermediates, which leads to a blind spot in the analysis of global value chains.

The OECD Capital-Endogenised TiVA dataset extends the TiVA framework by tracing the domestic and foreign value added embodied in capital inputs used across countries and industries. By accounting for the contribution of capital to production, the dataset provides a more complete picture of global value chains and international economic interdependencies.

The dataset makes it possible to identify where the capital used in production originates and how it contributes to exports, competitiveness and participation in global value chains. It can be used to analyse topics such as technological upgrading, industrial competitiveness, supply chain resilience, economic security and the role of intangible assets in the global economy.

OECD Capital-Endogenised TiVA data cover 60 economies and 40 industries for the period of 2000 to 2022.

Conventional TiVA statistics underestimate countries' participation in global value chains because capital inputs are treated as final demand rather than productive inputs. When capital goods and services are incorporated into the framework, average OECD GVC participation increases by around 11 percentage points.

The results also reveal stronger roles for economies specialised in machinery, equipment and intangible assets. In addition, the services content of manufacturing exports increases by around 9 percentage points when capital services such as software and R&D are included. 

• More information on the database: Read Me (.xlsx)
• Capital-augmented GVC participation : GVC_PARTICIPATION
• Capital-augmented services content of gross exports: EXGR_SVC_VA
• Revealed comparative advantage based on domestic capital value added in exports: RCA_DVA
• Foreign capital exposure (import side and export side): FCE