Bilateral meetings with OECD experts (select one topic, upon request)

Welcome and introduction to special sessions
Anthony Gooch, Director of Public Affairs and Communications, OECD

Global energy prospects and their implications for energy security & sustainable development. Special session with:
Fatih Birol, Executive Director, International Energy Agency

The global energy landscape continues to be in a state of flux and understanding the ongoing shifts in markets, technology and policy—and the impact of this interplay on the energy sector—has never been more critical. Each year, the IEA’s World Energy Outlook provides comprehensive analysis on the evolution of the global energy system, incorporating the latest data and market developments. This session outlined the key findings of the most recent edition of the report, and explained their implications for energy security and sustainability. It also covered recent developments and future prospects for a range of low-carbon technologies, including renewables, nuclear power, hydrogen and CCUS, that are vital to accelerate global clean energy transitions. 

• See the Speaker's presentation (PDF)
• International Energy Agency
• World Energy Outlook

Transport innovation for sustainable development
Young Tae Kim, Secretary-General, International Transport Forum

Discussants:
Celso Delgado, Member of Parliament, Spain
Jessica Thunander, Member of Parliament, Sweden

Transport provides our citizens with access – it empowers them to reach their workplaces, attend school, be treated in hospitals, and bring their goods to market. This makes transport policy a powerful lever for expanding citizens’ opportunities, for making societies more inclusive and for fostering a sustainable economic development. Yet today’s mobility remains 90% reliant on oil and emits almost a quarter of man-made CO2 emissions. Demand for mobility is growing rapidly, so decarbonising transport is urgent. Many innovative technologies and business models are transforming transport and could offer pathways toward more sustainable mobility and thus sustainable development. To achieve that, governments will need to set the right regulatory conditions – and also show themselves capable of putting in place innovative approaches to governance and regulation.

• See the Speaker's presentation (PDF)
• International Transport Forum

Focus on Gender: Making the web a safer place for women
Social media training session in partnership with Women Political Leaders

Conference Centre – room CC4

Introduction: Rick Zedník, Managing Director, WPL

Workshop session in English only

Discussants:
Lina Gálvez Muñoz, Member of the European Parliament (Spain)
Shandana Gulsar Khan, Member of the Parliament, Pakistan
Maria Spyraki, Member of the European Parliament, Greece - Ambassador of the #SaferInternet4EU campaign
Elisa Borry-Estrade, Politics & Government for France & Southern Europe, Facebook

In less than two decades, we have come to rely on the web and social media in particular for our communications. This is true nowhere more so than in politics. The opportunity for politicians to engage directly and immediately with constituents means people are connected to politics in unprecedented ways. This brings many new benefits to politicians. It also brings risks. For women politicians, the risks are even greater than for their male counterparts. In this session, we heard personal experiences of the good and the bad. We also heard best practices for mitigating the risks, turning challenging situations into opportunities, and leading through constructive dialogue.  

Arrival and coffee

Announcements

Global Economic Outlook – Rethinking policy for a changing world
Laurence Boone, Chief Economist, Head of the Economics Department and Special Counsellor to the Secretary-General, OECD

Discussant: Pier Carlo Padoan, Member of Parliament, Italy

This session looked at the Global Economy Outlook, both at the current juncture and with a longer-term view. We explained the factors shaping the economic outlook and how we form assumptions and projections. For example, an immediate concern is the potential impact of coronavirus on people’s lives: our job is to advise on what economic policy can do to avoid an economic shock on top of the health one. Structurally, our analysis aims at drawing policies that will improve standards of living and well-being for all.

Looking ahead, we are concerned about how digitalisation, climate change and ageing will affect standards of living and well-being of all, for both current and future generations. Digitalisation already requires changing skills – starting with education – but is also hampering competition, possibly creating rents harmful for innovation, business dynamics and perhaps workers. Air pollution already affects the health, work, training capacity and living conditions of many in OECD countries. Ageing is a challenge for intergenerational equity and the well-being of older generations.

• See the speaker's presentation (PDF)
• OECD Economic Outlook, November 2019

Coffee break

PISA & Future of Work
Andreas Schleicher, Director for Education and Skills and Special Advisor on Education Policy to the Secretary-General, OECD

Discussant: Gunilla Svantorp, Member of Parliament, Sweden

PISA is not only the world’s most comprehensive and reliable indicator of student capabilities – it is also a powerful tool that policymakers can use to fine-tune education policies and prepare society for the challenges of the future of work. Equipping citizens with the knowledge and skills necessary to achieve their full potential in an increasingly interconnected and digital world needs to become a global policy priority. In working to achieve these goals, more and more countries are looking beyond their own borders for evidence of the most successful and efficient education policies and practices. This session reviewed where countries stand and what explains the success of the most rapidly improving education systems.

• See the speaker's presentation (PDF)
• PISA 2018: Insights and Interpretations
• PISA - Programme for International Student Assessment

Group photo

Lunch offered by OECD
Rooms Roger Ockrent and George Marshall, OECD Château

Special session on tax: 

There is now widespread agreement that the current international tax rules must be adapted to the 21st Century economy, ensuring that all businesses – and not just those in the digital sector – pay their fair share of tax where they have activities and where they earn their profits. To address what has been identified as Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS), a 15-point Action Plan was developed and enacted between 2012 and 2015. Global implementation has been underway ever since with significant results, to improve the coherence of international tax rules and ensure a more transparent tax environment.  

The 2015 BEPS Action Plan also recognised that the digitalisation of the economy has contributed to BEPS and given rise to broader challenges, including where tax should be paid (“nexus” rules), and how much of MNE profits should be taxed in a given jurisdiction (attribution of profits). In light of increasing public pressure, the G20 mandated the OECD in 2017 to renew multilateral discussions within the OECD/G20 Inclusive Framework on BEPS. Countries are now actively negotiating a consensus-based solution to address these tax challenges by the end of 2020.

• Base Erosion and Profit Shifting (BEPS)

Update on addressing the tax challenges of the digitalisation of the economy
Pascal Saint-Amans, Director of the Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, OECD

Discussants:
Jong Seok Kim, Member of Parliament, Korea
Christian Levrat, Member of Parliament, Switzerland

Overview of the priority work on addressing the tax challenges arising from digitalisation and update the Network on the recent progress made to reach a consensus-based solution, the upcoming steps and challenges.

• See the speaker's presentation (PDF)

Economic and Impact Assessment
David Bradbury, Head of Tax Policy and Statistics Division, Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, OECD

Preliminary results of the economic analysis and impact assessment regarding the two-pillar proposals.

Coffee break

Pillar 1: Allocation of MNE Income
Matt Andrew, Senior Tax Adviser, Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, OECD
Sophie Chatel, Head of Tax Treaty Unit, Tax Treaty, Transfer Pricing & Financial Transactions Division, Centre for Tax Policy and Administration, OECD

Overview of the agreed Outline on the “Unified Approach” under Pillar One, which includes elements such as which MNEs would be in the scope of new taxing right, where tax should be paid (“nexus” rules), and how much of MNE profits should be taxed in a given jurisdiction (attribution of profits).

• See the speakers' presentation (PDF)

Pillar 2: Global Anti-Base-Erosion Tax
Achim Pross, Head of International Cooperation and Tax Administration Division

Overview of Pillar Two, which aims to address remaining base erosion and profit shifting (BEPS) issues and ensure that international businesses pay a minimum level of tax.

• See the speaker's presentation (PDF)

Sessions with OECD economic country desks
Room: Salon du Parc

Participants had the opportunity to discuss their own country’s economy with an OECD economist working on their country, in informal breakout sessions.

• Economic surveys

Reception
Rooms Roger Ockrent and George Marshall, OECD Château

Arrival and coffee

Announcements

A conversation with Angel Gurría, OECD Secretary-General (Read the speech)

Coffee break

Opening remarks
Anthony Gooch, Director of Public Affairs and Communications, OECD

Update on AI Policy Observatory
Andy Wyckoff, Director for Science, Technology and Innovation, OECD

• See the speaker's presentation (PDF)
• Artificial Intelligence and OECD Policy Observatory

Discussion and brainstorming on what the Group on AI could aim to achieve
Led by the Champion MPs of the Parliamentary Group on AI
Alessandro Fusacchia, Member of Parliament, Italy
Lina Gálvez Muñoz, Member of the European Parliament (Spain); Member of Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Panel
Christine Hennion, Member of Parliament, France
Darren Jones, Member of Parliament, UK

13.00 – 14.45

Working lunch - Joint session of Parliamentary Group on AI and OECD AI Expert Group

Introduction and moderation:
Anthony Gooch, Director of Public Affairs and Communications, OECD
Andy Wyckoff, Director for Science, Technology and Innovation, OECD

Keynote speech: Cédric O, Secretary of State for the Digital Sector, France

Global Parliamentary Network rapporteurs shared the results of the previous session on parliamentarians’ priorities for AI and their expectations from the Parliamentary Group and the OECD AI Policy Observatory. Members of ONE AI put forward their thoughts on key priority issues for lawmakers:

• Global Parliamentary Network: Éric Bothorel, French MP, co-chair of the Assemblée Nationale's working group on data economy and AI
• ONE AI: Eric Badique, Adviser for artificial intelligence, GD CNECT, European Commission
• Global Parliamentary Network: Lina Gálvez Muñoz, Member of the European Parliament (Spain); Member of Science and Technology Options Assessment (STOA) Panel
• ONE AI: Clara Neppel, Senior Director, IEEE European Business Operations
• Global Parliamentary Network: Lord Clement-Jones, Member, House of Lords; Co-Chair, All-Party Parliamentary Group on AI, UK
• ONE AI: Barry O'Brien, Government and Regulatory Affairs Executive, IBM
• Global Parliamentary Network: Giorgio Jackson, Member of Parliament, Chile
• ONE AI: Anna Byhovskaya, Senior Policy Advisor, Trade Union Advisory Committee to the OECD (TUAC)

14.45 – 15.00

15.00 – 17.00   

AI "Training"
Massachusetts Institute of Technology and INSEAD

Taylor Reynolds, Technology Policy Director of MIT's Internet Policy Research Initiative
Jonathan Frankle, PhD candidate, Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, MIT
Theos Evgeniou, Professor, INSEAD

• See the presentation by Theos Evgeniou (PDF)
• See the presentation by Jonathan Frankle (PDF)

17.00 – 17.30