| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| CPI | Corruption Perception Index of Transparency International |
| CSO | Civil Society Organisation |
| DESA | UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs |
| DG | Digital Government |
| ECRI | Emerging and Conflict-related Issues Division of ESCWA |
| EGDI | E-Government Development index of UN DESA |
| EPI | E-Participation Index of UN DESA |
| ESCAP | UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific |
| ESCWA | UN Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia |
| GEMS | Government Electronic and Mobile Services maturity index of UN ESCWA |
| ICT | Information & Communication Technology |
| IEP | International Experts Panel of the IRM of the OGP |
| IOT | Internet of things |
| IRM | Independent Reporting Mechanism of the OGP |
| M&E | Monitoring and evaluation |
| NGO | Non-governmental organisation |
| OD | Open Data |
| ODC | Open Data Charter |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| OG | Open Government |
| OGD | Open Government Data |
| OGDI | Open Government Development index of UN DESA |
| OGP | Open Government Partnership |
| SDD | Social Development Division of ESCWA |
| SDG | Sustainable Development Goals |
| TDD | Technology for Development Division of ESCWA |
| TI | Transparency International |
| UN | United Nations |
| WB | World Bank |
| WGI | Worldwide Governance Indicators of the World Bank |
| WJP | World Justice Project |
The Economic and Social Impact of Open Government
Policy Recommendations for the Arab Countries
