SME Policy Index: Western Balkans and Turkey 2022

Acronyms and abbreviations

ACA	Anti-Corruption Agency
ALL	Albanian lek (currency)
AFD	French Development Agency
AI	Artificial intelligence
AIDA	Albanian Investment and Development Agency
ALLED2	Aligning Education for Employment
APIF	Agency for Intermediary, IT and Financial Services
APPRM	Agency for Promotion of Entrepreneurship of the Republic of North Macedonia
ATCG	Accreditation Body of Montenegro
ATK	Kosovo Tax Administration
ATS	Accreditation Body of Serbia
BAM	Bosnia and Herzegovina convertible Marka (currency)
BATA	Institute for Accreditation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
BCC	Business Consultants Council
BEIS	Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy
BEEPS	Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey
GA	Bundesweite gründerinnenagentur
BIDS	Business Investment Development Strategy
BoC	Board of Creditors
BoM	Bureau of Metrology
BiH	Bosnia and Herzegovina
BSA	Bankruptcy Supervision Agency
BSS	Business support services
BUIKAD	Businesswomen and Executives Association of Bursa
CAB	Conformity assessment body
CBB	Cross Border Bankruptcy
CBK	Central Bank of Kosovo
CBRT	Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey
CCIS	Chamber of Commerce and Industry
CCPP	Commission for Protection of Rights in Public Procurement Procedures
CEFTA	Central European Free Trade Agreement
CEN/CENELEC	European Committee for Standardization/European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization
CERP	Competitiveness and Export Readiness Project
CGF	Credit guarantee fund
CGPM	General Conference on Weights and Measures
CIT	Corporate income tax
CMB	Capital Market Board
COSME	Competitiveness of Enterprises and Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises
CVETA	Council for Education and Vocational Training
DAK	General Directorate for Accreditation
DBNM	Development Bank of North Macedonia
DMDM	Directorate of Measures and Precious Metals
DPA	General Directorate of Accreditation
DPM	General Directorate of Metrology
DPPP	Directorate for Public Procurement Policy
DPS	Directorate of Standardisation
DTB	Danube Transnational Programme
EA	European Co-operation for Accreditation
EBRD	European Bank for Reconstruction and Development
EC	European Commission
ECR	Electronic cash register
EDIF	Enterprise Development and Innovation Facility
EDP	Entrepreneurial Discovery Process
EEN	Enterprise Europe Network
EG	Enterprise Georgia
EGP	Economic Growth Plan
EIB	European Investment Bank
EIC	European Innovation Council
eIDAS	Authentication and Trust Services Regulation
EIS	European Innovation Scoreboard
EIF	European Interoperability Framework
EMS	Environmental Management Standards
EMS	Environmental management systems
EPS	E-procurement system
ERP	Economic Reform Programme
EFTA	European Free Trade Association
ESPD	European Single Procurement Document
ESPP	Electronic System for Public Procurement
ETF	European Training Foundation
EU	European Union
EUR	Euro (currency)
EURAMET	European Metrology Association
EWS	Early warning system
FBiH	Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
FDI	Foreign direct investment
FIA	Financial Information Agency
FIPA	Foreign Investment Promotion Agency of Bosnia and Herzegovina
FITD	Fund for Innovation and Technology Development
FORS Montenegro	Foundation for the Development of Northern Montenegro
FX	Foreign exchange
GCF	Green Climate Fund
GCI	Global Competitiveness Index
GDP	Gross domestic product
GHG	Greenhouse gas
GIZ	Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GmbH
GMIP	Integrated Policy Management Group
GVC	Global value chain
HEI	Higher education institution
HPMP	Hydrochlorofluorocarbons Phase-out Management Plan
ICT	Information and communication technology
IDF	Investment and Development Fund
IFAD	International Fund for Agricultural Development
ILO	International Labour Organization
IMBiH	Institute of Metrology of Bosnia and Herzegovina
ICT	Information and communications technology
INFE	International Network on Financial Education
IP	Intellectual property
IPA	Instrument for Pre-accession Assistance
IRBRS	Republika Srpska Investment-Development Bank
ISBIH	Institute for Standardisation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
ISO	International Organisation for Standardisation
ISKUR	Turkish Employment Agency
ISME	Institute for Standardisation of Montenegro
ISS	Institute for Standardisation of Serbia
IT	Information technology
JA	Junior Achievement
JICA	Japan International Cooperation Agency
JRC	Joint Research Centre
KAYSIS	Electronic Public Information Management System
KBRA	Kosovo Business Registration Agency
KCC	Kosovo Chamber of Commerce
KCGF	Kosovo Credit Guarantee Fund
KEPA	Kosovo Environmental Protection Agency
KFOR	Kosovo Forces
KGF	Credit Guarantee Fund
KIESA	Kosovo Investment and Enterprise Support Agency
KKB	Credit Registration Office
KMA	Kosovo Metrology Agency
KODE	Kosovo Digital Economy
KOSGEB	Small and Medium Enterprises Development Organisation of Turkey
KOTRA	Korea Trade-Investment Promotion Agency
KSA	Kosovo Standardisation Agency
LFS	Labour Force Survey
MEP	Manufacturing Extension Partnership
MERSIS	Central Commercial Registration System
MEST	Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
MFA	Macro-Financial Assistance
MIA	Montenegro Investment Agency
MIET	Ministry of Industry, Entrepreneurship and Trade
MJUDDM	Ministry of State Administration, Digital Society and Media
MKD	Macedonian denar (currency)
MLA	Multilateral Agreement
MNE	Multinational enterprise
MoEPP	Ministry of Environment and Physical Planning
MoESTD	Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development
MoNE	Ministry of National Education
MONSTAT	Statistical Office of Montenegro
MSME	Micro, small and medium-sized enterprise
NACE	Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community
NAIS	National Agency for Information Society
NARMP	National Authority for Regulating and Monitoring Public Procurement
NASRI	National Agency for Scientific Research and Innovation
NBA	National Bankruptcy Agency
NBC	National Business Centre
NBFI	Non-bank financial instrument
NBS	National Bank of Serbia
NCEI	National Council for Economy and Investment
NEIC	National Economic and Investment Council
NGO	Non-governmental organisation
NPISAA	National Programme for Implementation of the Stabilisation and Association
NPLs	Non-performing loans
NSB	National standards body
NSSD	National Strategy for Sustainable Development
NUS	New Ukrainian School
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
ODEON	Open Data for European Open Innovation
OGD	Open government data
OGP	Open Government Partnership
OIZ	Organised industrial zone
OIML	Organisation of Legal Metrology
PARS	Public Administration Reform Strategy
PCP	Product contact point
PIT	Personal income tax
PPA	Public Procurement Agency
PPC	Public-private consultation
PPL	Public Procurement Law
PPO	Public Procurement Office
PPP	Purchasing power parity
PPRC	Public Procurement Regulatory Commission
PPS	Public Policy Secretariat
PRB	Procurement Review Body
QI	Quality infrastructure
R&D	Research and development
RAPEX	Rapid Exchange of Information System
RARS	Development Agency of Republika Srpska
RAS	Development Agency of Serbia
RCPRPP	Rights in Public Procurement Procedures
RDAs	Regional Development Agencies
REBUS	REady for BUSiness
RIA	Regulatory impact assessment
RIA	Regulatory impact analysis
RS	Republika Srpska
RSD	Serbian dinar (currency)
S3	Smart Specialisation Strategy
SAA	Stabilisation and Association Agreement
SAP	Single Access Point
SBA	Small Business Act
SBRA	Small Business Reorganisation Act
SBRA	Serbian Business Registers Agency
SBS	Small Business Standards
SEZ	Special economic zone
SIEA	Slovak Innovation and Energy Agency
SME	Small and medium-sized enterprise
SOE	State-owned enterprise
SSC	Social security contributions
STEM	Science, technology, engineering and mathematics
STIP	Science, technology and innovation policy
STP	Science and technology park
SWOT	Strength, weakness, opportunity and threat
TDZ	Technology development zone
TEKMERs	Technology development centres
TIM	Turkish Exporters Assembly
TNA	Training needs analysis
TOBB	Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey
TOSYOV	Turkish Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Self-employed Persons and Managers Foundation
TRY	Turkish lira (currency)
TSE	Turkish Standards Institution
TUBITAK	Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey
TURKSTAT	Turkish Statistical Institute
UCCIAL	Union of Chambers of Commerce and Industry of Albania
UN	United Nations
UNCITRAL	United Nations Commission on International Trade Law
UNDP	United Nations Development Programme
UNICEF	United Nations Children’s Fund
UNIDO	United Nations Industrial Development Organization
US	United States
UPCO	University of Pristina for Competitiveness/Competencies/Cooperation
USAID	United States Agency for International Development
UYAP	National Judiciary Informatics System
VAT	Value-added tax
VET	Vocational education and training
WB	Western Balkans
WBT	Western Balkans and Turkey
WGDEL	Working Group on Digital and Entrepreneurship Learning
WGI	Worldwide Governance Indicators
WHOA	Law on the Confirmation of Private Restructuring Plans (Netherlands)
WTO	World Trade Organization