| °C | Degree Celsius |
| °N | North latitude |
| °S | South latitude |
| µm | Micrometre (= 10-6 m) |
| 4-HPPD | 4-Hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase |
| AFLP | Amplified fragment length polymorphism |
| ALS | Acetolactate synthase |
| AMF | Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi |
| AOA | Ammonia-oxidising archaea |
| AOB | Ammonia-oxidising bacteria |
| AOP | Apomictic Offspring Producer |
| ApMV | Apple mosaic virus |
| ATP | Adenosine triphosphate |
| AUDA-NEPAD | African Union Development Agency – New Partnership for Africa’s Development |
| AWC | Australian Wildlife Conservancy |
| BB | Bacterial blight |
| BC | Backcross |
| BCE | Before the Common (or current) Era |
| BCO | Biological control organism |
| BPH | Brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens) |
| Bt | Bacillus thuringiensis |
| C. | Carthamus genus |
| Cas9 | CRISPR associated protein 9 |
| CBC | OECD Chemicals and Biotechnology Committee |
| cm | Centimetre |
| cM | Centimorgan (or map unit [m.u.], a unit for measuring genetic linkage) |
| CMS | Cytoplasmic male sterility |
| CR | Critically endangered species (IUCN Red List category) |
| CRISPR | Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats |
| CW | Chinese wild rice |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| EGMS | Environment-sensitive genic male sterility |
| EN | Endangered species (IUCN Red List category) |
| EPP | Effective pollination period |
| ETI | Effector-triggered immunity |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
| FAOSTAT | FAO Statistical Databases |
| g | Gramme |
| Gb | Gigabases (= 109 base pairs; genome size unit) |
| GE | Genetically engineered |
| GMS | Genetic male sterility |
| GRH | Green rice leafhopper |
| GRIN | Germplasm Resources Information Network |
| GRiSP | Global Rice Science Partnership |
| GSI | Gametophytic self-incompatibility |
| GTP | Guanosine-5'-triphosphate |
| GUS | Beta-glucuronidase |
| h | Hour |
| ha | Hectare |
| iGLMap | Integrated Genetic Linkage Map |
| ILSI-CERAIRGSP | International Life Sciences Institute – Center for Environmental Risk Assessment International Rice Genome Sequencing Project |
| IRRI | International Rice Research Institute |
| IUCN | International Union for Conservation of Nature |
| kg | Kilogramme |
| km | Kilometre |
| L | Honglian (a wild rice CMS type) |
| LD | Lead rice |
| LYP9 | Liang-You-Pei-Jiu (a hybrid rice strain) |
| m | Metre |
| M. | Malus genus |
| m2 | Square metre |
| MAS | Marker-assisted selection |
| Mb | Megabases (=106 base pairs; genome size unit) |
| Mbp | Megabases pair |
| mg | Milligramme |
| MGMS | Marker-linked GMS |
| mm | Millimetre |
| MSU | Michigan State University |
| Mya | Million years ago |
| NBS-LRR | Nucleotide-Binding Site Leucine-Rich Repeat |
| NERICA | New Rice for Africa |
| NMS | Nuclear male sterility |
| NT | Near threatened species (IUCN Red List category) |
| O. | Oryza genus |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| P. | Pyricularia genus |
| PA64S | Peiai 64S (a photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterile line) |
| PAM | Protospacer adjacent motif |
| PAMPs | Pathogen-associated molecular patterns |
| PCD | Programmed cell death |
| PEG | Polyethylene glycol (method) |
| pg | Picogramme (= 10-12 g) |
| PGMS | Photoperiod-sensitive genic male sterility |
| pH | Potential of hydrogen |
| PPO | Polyphenol oxidase |
| PPR | Pentatricopeptide repeat |
| PR | Pathogenesis-related (protein) |
| PTI | PAMP-triggered immunity |
| QTL | Quantitative trait locus (plural form: Q. T. Loci) |
| RAPD | Random amplified polymorphic DNA |
| RAP-DB | Rice Annotation Project Database |
| RBSDV | Rice black-streaked dwarf virus |
| RDV | Rice dwarf virus |
| RGSV | Rice grassy stunt virus |
| RNAi | Ribonucleic acid interference |
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species |
| RRSV | Rice ragged stunt virus |
| RSV | Rice stripe virus |
| RTBV | Rice tungro bacilliform virus |
| RTSV | Rice tungro spherical virus |
| SA | Salicylic acid |
| SBPH | Small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus) |
| SDN | Site-directed nuclease |
| SHROB | OECD Series on Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology |
| SNP | Single nucleotide polymorphism |
| SRAP | Sequence-related amplified polymorphism |
| SRBSDV | Southern rice black-streaked dwarf virus |
| S-RNase | Self-incompatibility ribonuclease |
| SSR | Simple sequence repeat |
| t | Tonne |
| TALENs | Transcription activator-like effector nucleases |
| TGMS | Thermo-sensitive genic male sterility |
| TILLING | Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes |
| TRD | Transmission ratio distortion |
| UNEP | United Nations Environment Programme |
| USDA-ARS | United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service |
| VU | Vulnerable species (IUCN Red List category) |
| WA | Wild abortive |
| WBPH | Whitebacked planthopper (Sogatella furcifera) |
| WP-HROB | OECD Working Party on the Harmonisation of Regulatory Oversight in Biotechnology |
| WP-SNFF | OECD Working Party for the Safety of Novel Foods and Feeds |
Safety Assessment of Transgenic Organisms in the Environment, Volume 9
OECD Consensus Documents on the Biology of Crops: Apple, Safflower, Rice