The OECD Council decided to open accession discussions with Romania on 25 January 2022. On 10 June 2022, the Council adopted the Roadmap for the accession of Romania to the OECD Convention [C/MIN(2022)25/FINAL] (the Roadmap) setting out the terms, conditions and process for accession to the OECD. The Roadmap provides that in order to allow the Council to take an informed decision on the accession of Romania, Romania will undergo in-depth reviews by OECD technical committees listed in the Roadmap, including the Committee for Agriculture (COAG).
This report was prepared to support the accession review discussion of the Committee for Agriculture with Romania. It reflects information provided by Romania in response to an OECD questionnaire and subsequent follow-up, and information collected in the course of the OECD fact-finding mission to Romania on 12-15 September 2023, as well as desk research and data collection by the OECD Secretariat. The report also reflects discussions at the COAG on 30 October 2024 and 24 April 2025.
Romania has made considerable economic and social progress in the last decades, particularly since joining the European Union, with EU policies, in particular the Common Agricultural Policy, playing a central role in shaping its agricultural development. Romania faces challenges common to many countries in reconciling agro‑food productivity, sustainability, and resilience, but in a context marked by a dual farm structure and slow structural transformation in the agricultural sector. This report provides evidence and policy recommendations to support Romania in strengthening its agricultural and food policies, with a view to the development of a coherent policy mix to accelerate structural change in agriculture; to create the enabling environment to foster a more competitive and resilient agro‑food sector; to strengthen policies aimed at ensuring long‑term environmental sustainability, and to reinforce the agricultural knowledge and innovation system.
In accordance with paragraph 28 of the Roadmap and upon the request of Romania, the Committee for Agriculture agreed to declassify this report and publish it in order to allow a wider audience to become acquainted with its content. Publication of this document and the analysis and recommendations contained therein do not prejudge in any way the outcome of evaluations conducted as part of Romania’s accession process to the OECD.