The foreign-born participation rate is calculated as the share of employed and unemployed foreign-born persons aged 15-64 in the total foreign-born population (active and inactive persons) of that same age.

Net childcare costs are the household expenses of using full-time centre-based childcare, after any benefits designed to reduce the gross childcare fees.

Unemployment rate is the share of the labour force without work. Unemployed people are those of a working age who do not have a job, are available for work and have taken specific steps to find a job in the previous four weeks.

Labour productivity and utilisation are indicators of economic effects from labour efficiencies.