Understanding Skill Gaps in Firms

Annex E. Sample characteristics

Table A E.1. Counts by country and firm size

	10‑49 employees	50‑249 employees	250+ employees	Total
Hungary	3 678	920	2 117	6 715
Italy	10 051	2 850	4 716	17 617
Netherlands	1 242	1 646	1 562	4 450
Portugal	1 731	575	1 113	3 419
Slovak Republic	1 163	393	831	2 387

Note: Data is unweighted.

Source: PIAAC Employer Module (2022).

Table A E.2. Counts by country and industry

	Manufacturing	Construction	Wholesale; Transport; Accom	Comm; Finance	Real Estate; Services	Total
Hungary	3 097	625	1 386	421	1 186	6 715
Italy	5 498	2 430	5 118	2 543	2 028	17 617
Netherlands	1 643	202	1 066	448	1 091	4 450
Portugal	1 141	326	1 213	268	471	3 419
Slovak Republic	1 176	134	654	266	157	2 387

Note: Data is unweighted; Manufacturing refers to NACE Rev. 2. F, Construction refers to NACE Rev. 2. F, Wholesale; Transport; Accom refers to NACE Rev. 2. G, H, I, Comm; Finance refers to NACE Rev. 2. J, K, Real Estate; Services refers to NACE Rev. 2. L, M, N, R, S.

Source: PIAAC Employer Module (2022).

Table A E.3. Counts by country and firm age

	Created 2000 or before	Created 2001‑2020	Total
Italy	11 125	6 492	17 617
Portugal	1 893	1 526	3 419
Slovak Republic	957	1 430	2 387

Note: Data is unweighted.

Source: PIAAC Employer Module (2022).

Table A E.4. Counts by country and market sector

	Local	Regional	National	International	Total
Italy	2 894	3 639	7 843	3 241	17 617
Netherlands	506	644	1 869	1 431	4 450
Portugal	452	817	1 307	843	3 419

Note: Data is unweighted; Market sector refers to sector for which firm primarily sells their products or services.

Source: PIAAC Employer Module (2022).