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The prevalence and impact of Long COVID in the primary care population

Findings from the OECD PaRIS survey

Policy paper

19 May 2025

Annex A. Supplementary figure and tables

Copy link to Annex A. Supplementary figure and tables

	None			1‑2			> 3
	No Long COVID N = 18 675	Long COVID N = 1 233	p-value	No Long COVID N = 53 722	Long COVID N = 4 304	p-value	No Long COVID N = 24 703	Long COVID N = 2 855	p-value*
Sex			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
Female	10 519 (92%)	867 (7.6%)		27 542 (91%)	2 778 (9.2%)		13 051 (87%)	1 897 (13%)
Male	7 238 (95%)	347 (4.6%)		23 736 (94%)	1 476 (5.9%)		10 643 (92%)	922 (8.0%)
Age group			<0.001			<0.001			<0.001
45‑54	8 065 (92%)	673 (7.7%)		14 357 (90%)	1 638 (10%)		4 300 (85%)	764 (15%)
55‑64	5 719 (94%)	383 (6.3%)		16 092 (92%)	1 474 (8.4%)		6 861 (88%)	978 (12%)
65‑74	3 388 (96%)	133 (3.8%)		14 427 (95%)	831 (5.4%)		7 192 (91%)	703 (8.9%)
>75	1 429 (97%)	42 (2.9%)		8 579 (96%)	351 (3.9%)		6 226 (94%)	400 (6.0%)

Source: OECD PaRIS 2024 Database.

	No Chronic condition					1‑2 Chronic conditions						> 3 Chronic conditions
	No Long COVID N = 18 675		Long COVID N = 1 233		p-value	No Long COVID N = 53 722			Long COVID N = 4 304		p-value	No Long COVID N = 24 703		Long COVID N = 2 855	p-value*
Unemployed or on sick leave	n	%	n	%	0.6	n	%	n	%	0.7	n	%	n	%	0.2
No	12 160	97%	968	97%		24 895	91%	2 676	91%		7 745	75%	1 236	74%
Yes	317	2.5%	28	2.8%		2 418	8.9%	253	8.6%		2 542	25%	441	26%
Severe fatigue					<0.001					<0.001					<0.001
No	17 652	95%	1 094	89%		48 652	91%	3 556	83%		19 115	78%	1 795	63%
Yes	939	5.1%	139	11%		4 938	9.2%	736	17%		5 504	22%	1 056	37%
Trust system					<0.001					<0.001					<0.001
No	5 930	33%	492	41%		16 900	33%	1 694	40%		7 992	34%	1 206	43%
Yes	11 853	67%	722	59%		34 551	67%	2 552	60%		15 739	66%	1 612	57%
Having to repeat information					<0.001					<0.001					<0.001
No	13 113	80%	818	74%		35 800	75%	2 642	67%		14 489	66%	1 491	57%
Yes	3 205	20%	290	26%		12 117	25%	1 316	33%		7 522	34%	1 115	43%

Source: OECD PaRIS 2024 Database.

Figure A.1. The correlation between reporting ever having COVID‑19 and the prevalence of Long COVID is likely linked to testing and diagnosis of COVID‑19 and awareness of Long COVID in different OECD PaRIS countries
Copy link to Figure A.1. The correlation between reporting ever having COVID‑19 and the prevalence of Long COVID is likely linked to testing and diagnosis of COVID‑19 and awareness of Long COVID in different OECD PaRIS countries