| Cedefop | European Centre for the Development of Vocational Training |
| EACEA | European Education and Culture Executive Agency |
| EOPPEP | National Organization for Certification of Qualifications & Vocational Guidance |
| ETF | European Training Foundation |
| JILPT | Japan Institute for Labour Policy and Training |
| JPY | Japanese Yen |
| JPSED | Japanese Panel Study of Employment Dynamics |
| ICT | Information and communication technology |
| ILO | International Labour Organization |
| LMIS | Labour market information system |
| METI | Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry |
| MIC | Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications |
| MHLW | Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development |
| PES | Public Employment Services |
| PIAAC | OECD’s Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies (Survey of Adult Skills) |
| SCGA | OECD 2020 Survey of Career Guidance for Adults |
| SMEs | Small and medium-sized enterprises |
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
The New Workplace in Japan
Skills for a Strong Recovery