| 3D | Three-dimensional |
| ACE | Angiotensin converting enzyme |
| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| API | Application programming interface |
| ATBP | Advanced technology and business practice |
| BDA | Bio-design automation |
| BRICS | Biological Robustness in Complex Settings |
| CAD | Computer-aided design |
| CAMD | Computer-aided molecular design |
| CASRAI | Consortia Advancing Standards in Research Administration Information |
| CERIF | Common European Research Information Format |
| CO2 | Carbon dioxide |
| CPU | Central processing unit |
| CRIS | Current Research Information System |
| CSTP | Committee for Scientific and Technological Policy (OECD) |
| DARPA | Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (United States) |
| DLT | Distributed ledger technology |
| DNA | Deoxyribonucleic acid |
| DOI | Digital object identifier |
| DPIA | Data Protection Impact Assessment |
| DSA | Data-sharing agreement |
| DSIP | Digital science and innovation policy |
| EBP | Earth BioGenome Project |
| EGF | Edinburgh Genome Foundry |
| ETIS | Estonian Research Information System |
| EU | European Union |
| EUR | Euro |
| FAIR | Findability, accessibility, interoperability and reusability |
| FRIS | Flanders Research Information Space (Belgium) |
| GBP | British pound |
| GDPR | General Data Protection Regulation (European Union) |
| GPU | Graphic-processing unit |
| HEI | Higher education institution |
| HPC | High-performance computing |
| HT | High throughput |
| ICT | Information and communication technology |
| IoT | Internet of Things |
| IP | Intellectual property |
| IPR | Intellectual property right |
| IRB | Institutional review board |
| ISSA | International Survey of Scientific Authors (OECD) |
| IT | Information technology |
| IVOA | International Virtual Observatory Alliance |
| MAM | Metals-based additive manufacturing |
| MB | Megabyte |
| ML | Machine learning |
| MOOC | Massive open online course |
| MTA | Materials transfer agreement |
| NA | National account |
| NARCIS | National Academic Research and Collaborations Information System (Netherlands) |
| NESTI | National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators (Working Party) (OECD) |
| NHS | National Health Service (United Kingdom) |
| NIH | National Institutes of Health (United States) |
| NLM | National Library of Medicine (United States) |
| nm | Nanometre |
| NNMI | National Network for Manufacturing Innovation (United States) |
| NSF | National Science Foundation (United States) |
| NZRIS | New Zealand Research Information System |
| OA | Open access |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| OEM | Original equipment manufacturer |
| OMTA | Open Materials Transfer Agreement |
| ORCID | Open Researcher and Contributor ID |
| PB | Petabyte |
| R&D | Research and Development |
| RD&I | Research, Development and Innovation |
| RI | Research infrastructure |
| ROI | Return on investment |
| SMEs | Small and medium-sized enterprises |
| SOFA | Self-Organized Funding Allocation |
| SPIAS | SciREX Policymaking Intelligent Assistance System |
| STC | Statistics Canada |
| STEM | Science, technology, engineering and mathematics |
| STI | Science, technology and innovation |
| UK | United Kingdom |
| UPPI | Unique, persistent and pervasive identifier |
| URI | Uniform resource identifier |
| US | United States |
| USD | United States dollar |
| VR | Virtual reality |
The Digitalisation of Science, Technology and Innovation
Key Developments and Policies
