| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| AMC | Advance market commitment |
| AMR | Antimicrobial resistance |
| APC | Advance purchase commitment |
| API | Active pharmaceutical ingredient |
| CARB-X | Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator |
| CDC | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| CEPI | Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations |
| COVID‑19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| CRP | Collaboration Registration Procedure |
| CSR | Corporate social responsibility |
| CT | Computerised tomography |
| ECDC | European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control |
| ECG | Economy for the Common Good |
| EEA | European Economic Area |
| EHR | Electronic health record |
| EM | Excess mortality |
| EMR | Electronic medical record |
| EU | European Union |
| EUR | Euro |
| FDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| G20 | The Group of Twenty |
| G7 | The Group of Seven |
| GAD‑7 | 7-item General Anxiety Disorder scale |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GHIT | Global Health Innovative Technology Fund |
| GHS | Global health security |
| GHSI | Global Health Security Index |
| GP | General practitioner |
| GPG | Global public good |
| HCBM | Human-Centred Business Model |
| HR | Human resources |
| HS | Harmonised Commodity Description and Coding System |
| HSE | Health Service Executive |
| HW | Health workforce |
| IASC | Inter-Agency Standing Committee |
| ICT | Information and communication technology |
| ICU | Intensive care unit |
| IHI | Innovative Health Initiative |
| IHR | International Health Regulations |
| IP | Intellectual property |
| IT | Information technology |
| KCE | Belgian Health Care Knowledge Centre |
| LDC | Least developed country |
| LGBTIQ+ | Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer (or questioning), intersex and gender fluid populations |
| LGBTQ2S+ | Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and two-spirit |
| LMIC | Low or middle income country |
| LMWH | Low-molecular-weight heparin |
| LTC | Long-term care |
| MERS | Middle East respiratory syndrome |
| MPP | Medicines Patent Pool |
| MRI | Magnetic resonance imaging |
| NGO | Non-governmental organisation |
| NHS | National Health Service |
| NPI | Non-pharmaceutical intervention |
| NTD | Neglected tropical disease |
| NTM | Non-tariff measure |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development |
| PDP | Product development partnership |
| PHEP | Public health emergency preparedness |
| PHQ‑9 | 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire |
| PI | Pharmaceutical intervention |
| PPE | Personal protective equipment |
| PPP | Pandemic preparedness plan (Chapter 4) |
| PPP | Public-private partnership (Chapter 13) |
| PPR | Pandemic preparedness and response |
| PRV | Priority review voucher |
| R&D | Research and development |
| RT-PCR | Reverse transcriptase‑polymerase chain reaction |
| SARS | Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
| SARS‑CoV‑2 | Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
| SD | Standard deviation |
| SDG | Sustainable Development Goal |
| SME | Small or medium sized enterprise |
| SPS | Sanitary and phytosanitary measure |
| TBT | Technical barrier to trade |
| TER | Transferable exclusivity right |
| TiVA | Trade in Value Added |
| UHC | Universal health coverage |
| WHA | World Health Assembly |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
| WTO | World Trade Organization |
Ready for the Next Crisis? Investing in Health System Resilience
