Promoting the Development of the Semiconductor Ecosystem in Mexico

Annex D. Additional insights on business dynamics by state

Table A D.1 illustrates the age composition of the semiconductor and other electronics establishments at the state level. Jalisco stands out as the state with the highest number of young establishments (37), surpassing Baja California, which currently has 94 establishments. The states that have experienced the highest number of new establishments are Jalisco (30), Querétaro (12) and Chihuahua (12). Jalisco and Chihuahua have experienced a notable increase in the number of young establishments, with 22 and 15 new establishments respectively. In contrast, Baja California and Sonora have witnessed a decline in the number of young establishments.

Table A D.1. Young and mature establishments by state

State	2016			2023			Difference
	Young	Mature	Total	Young	Mature	Total	Young	Mature	Total
Baja California	64	58	122	26	94	120	-38	36	-2
Jalisco	15	17	32	37	25	62	22	8	30
Chihuahua	11	33	44	26	30	56	15	-3	12
Sonora	28	26	54	13	41	54	-15	15	0
Nuevo León	25	16	41	17	23	40	-8	7	-1
Mexico City	12	14	26	15	16	31	3	2	5
Querétaro	11	7	18	15	15	30	4	8	12
Tamaulipas	13	13	26	7	19	26	-6	6	0
Mexico	12	10	22	12	9	21	0	-1	-1
Coahuila	5	8	13	5	13	18	0	5	5
Guanajuato	13	1	14	5	7	12	-8	6	-2
Rest of the country	23	15	38	178	292	470	-31	89	58
Total	232	218	450	197	318	515	-35	100	65

Note: Young establishments are defined as 1 to 5 years old and mature as establishments are 6 or more years old. States are listed by numbers of total establishments in 2023.

Source: OECD calculations based on DENUE in ENGI in INEGI (2026[1]), Directorio Estadístico Nacional de Unidades Económicas, https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/mapa/denue/default.aspx.

Table A D.2 shows that the states with the most micro establishments are Baja California, Jalisco and Mexico City. Baja California leads on the number of small establishments (31), as well as on medium-sized (22), where it is followed by Sonora (15). Baja California also has the highest number of large establishments (41), followed by northern states Chihuahua (30) and Sonora (20).

From 2016 to 2023, there has been a net entry of 27 micro establishments, 19 small establishments and 20 large establishments. Among the states, Jalisco and Sonora witnessed the highest entry of micro establishments, while Jalisco and Querétaro took the lead in small establishments, and Jalisco and Chihuahua were at the forefront in the large segment.

Table A D.2. Establishments size dynamics by state

State by size	2016					2023					Difference
	1	2	3	4	Total	1	2	3	4	Total	1	2	3	4	Total
Baja California	27	27	26	42	122	26	31	22	41	120	-1	4	-4	-1	-2
Jalisco	17	3	4	8	32	26	13	5	18	62	9	10	1	10	30
Chihuahua	10	2	7	25	44	12	5	9	30	56	2	3	2	5	12
Sonora	11	9	16	18	54	17	2	15	20	54	6	-7	-1	2	0
Nuevo León	21	7	6	7	41	17	7	8	8	40	-4	0	2	1	-1
Mexico City	20	2	2	2	26	24	3	1	3	31	4	1	-1	1	5
Querétaro	8	1	5	4	18	16	6	3	5	30	8	5	-2	1	12
Tamaulipas	5	4	4	13	26	4	0	6	16	26	-1	-4	2	3	0
Mexico	14	2	5	1	22	14	5	1	1	21	0	3	-4	0	-1
Coahuila	4	0	3	6	13	7	1	4	6	18	3	1	1	0	5
Guanajuato	8	3	0	3	14	6	4	1	1	12	-2	1	1	-2	-2
Rest of the country	23	6	3	6	38	26	8	5	6	45	3	2	2	0	7
Total	168	66	81	135	450	195	85	80	155	515	27	19	-1	20	65

Note: 1: micro; 2: small, 3: medium, 4: large establishments. According to the Secretaría de Comercio y Fomento Industrial, in the manufacturing sector, micro establishments employ between 0-30 workers, small establishments between 31-100, medium between 101-500 and large establishments 501 or more. Using DENUE firm size categories, the large segment was changed to include 251 or more workers. States are listed by number of total establishments in 2023.

Source: OECD calculations based on DENUE in INEGI (2026[1]), Directorio Estadístico Nacional de Unidades Económicas, https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/mapa/denue/default.aspx.

References

[1] INEGI (2026), Directorio Estadístico Nacional de Unidades Económicas, Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía, https://www.inegi.org.mx/app/mapa/denue/default.aspx (accessed on 16 January 2026).