Private Philanthropy for Development – Second Edition
Annex B. Sample
Copy link to Annex B. SampleTable A B.1. Sample
Copy link to Table A B.1. Sample|
A |
B |
C |
D |
F |
E |
G |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
A.M. Qattan Foundation (AMQF) |
West Bank and Gaza Strip |
Domestic |
No |
16 359 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Adani Foundation / Adani Ports and Special Economic Zone Limited |
India |
Domestic |
No |
38 513 |
No |
[2] |
|
ADream Charitable Foundation Limited |
China |
Domestic |
No |
45 031 |
No |
[3] |
|
Aiyou Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
160 329 |
No |
[3] |
|
Alcoa Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
2 036 |
No |
[4] |
|
Alibaba Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
54 077 |
No |
[3] |
|
Ambuja Cement Foundation (ACF) |
India |
Domestic |
No |
25 895 |
No |
[2] |
|
Amity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
94 346 |
No |
[3] |
|
Amway Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
6 644 |
No |
[3] |
|
Andrew W. Mellon Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
326 707 |
No |
[4] |
|
Arawana Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
9 705 |
No |
[3] |
|
Arcadia Fund |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
172 678 |
No |
[5] |
|
Arcor Foundation |
Argentina |
Domestic |
No |
930 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Arcus Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
64 230 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Associated Cement Companies (ACC) Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
11 588 |
No |
[2] |
|
Axis Bannk CSR / Axis Bank Foundation (ABF) |
India |
Domestic |
No |
82 045 |
No |
[2] |
|
Bajaj Auto Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
63 816 |
No |
[2] |
|
BBVA Microfinance Foundation |
Spain |
Cross-border |
No |
3 621 198 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Beijing Guixin Charitable Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
6 180 |
No |
[3] |
|
Beijing Lianyi Charitable Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
11 461 |
No |
[3] |
|
Beijing Xianfeng (K2 Foundation) |
China |
Domestic |
No |
1 273 |
No |
[3] |
|
Beijing Laoniu Brother & Sister Philanthropy Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
1 975 |
No |
[3] |
|
Bernard van Leer Foundation |
Netherlands |
Cross-border |
Yes |
43 128 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Bertelsmann Foundation |
Germany |
Cross-border |
Yes |
6 117 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Bharti Infratel Limited CSR / Bharti Foundation |
India |
Domestic |
Yes |
57 213 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
16 106 069 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Bloomberg Philanthropies |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
547 883 |
No |
[5] |
|
Bristol Myers Squibb Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
4 707 |
No |
[1] |
|
C Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
1 558 |
No |
[3] |
|
Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation |
Portugal |
Cross-border |
Yes |
11 352 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Carlos Slim Foundation |
Mexico |
Domestic |
Yes |
493 797 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Carnegie Corporation of New York |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
67 840 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Cartier Philanthropy |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
No |
39 686 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Castrol India Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
13 943 |
No |
[2] |
|
Charity Projects Ltd (Comic Relief) |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
178 762 |
No |
[5] |
|
CharlesStewartMott / Mott Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
106 940 |
No |
[4] |
|
China COSCO Shipping Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
29 693 |
No |
[3] |
|
China Merchants Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
31 905 |
No |
[3] |
|
China Poverty Alleviation Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
196 408 |
No |
[3] |
|
Chow Tai Fook Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
21 085 |
No |
[3] |
|
Christensen Fund |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
32 314 |
No |
[4] |
|
CIFF |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
693 417 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Citi Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
80 979 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Compagnia di San Paolo Foundation |
Italy |
Cross-border |
No |
13 236 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Conrad N. Hilton Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
189 109 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Dalio Philanthropies |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
53 907 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
David and Lucile Packard Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
368 590 |
No |
[5] |
|
Doris Duke Charitable Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
49 938 |
No |
[4] |
|
Dunhe Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
Yes |
64 665 |
No |
[1] |
|
Ecobank |
Togo |
Domestic |
No |
798 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fondation Botnar |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
No |
98 283 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fondation CHANEL |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
10 515 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fondation de France |
France |
Cross-border |
Yes |
92 936 |
No |
[1] |
|
Fondation de Luxembourg |
Luxembourg |
Cross-border |
No |
30 242 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fondation L'Oréal |
France |
Cross-border |
No |
10 977 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Ford Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
677 494 |
No |
[5] |
|
Fosun Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
39 154 |
No |
[3] |
|
Franks Family Foundation |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
No |
2 199 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fujian Zhengro Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
5 875 |
No |
[3] |
|
Fundação Tide Setubal |
Brazil |
Domestic |
No |
2 367 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundação FEAC |
Brazil |
Domestic |
No |
8 119 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación BBVA Bancomer, A.C. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
114 360 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Carvajal |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
4 895 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Éxito |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
18 831 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Grupo Bancolombia |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
10 244 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Grupo Social |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
24 697 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Kaluz, A.C. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
8 831 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación MAPFRE |
Spain |
Cross-border |
No |
40 773 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Merced, A.C. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
3 302 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Santo Domingo |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
48 465 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Sertull A.C. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
15 342 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación SURA |
Colombia |
Domestic |
No |
19 231 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Telefónica España |
Spain |
Cross-border |
Yes |
240 497 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Fundación Televisa A.C. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
295 542 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
217 144 |
No |
[5] |
|
Grameen Crédit Agricole Foundation |
France |
Cross-border |
119 768 |
No |
[5] |
|
|
Guangdong Guoqiang Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
127 967 |
No |
[3] |
|
H&M Foundation |
Sweden |
Cross-border |
Yes |
62 688 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Haci Omer Sabanci Foundation (Sabanci Foundation) |
Turkey |
Domestic |
Yes |
3 870 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Hanhong Love Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
6 952 |
No |
[3] |
|
Harmony Community Foundation (Qianhe) |
China |
Domestic |
No |
5 630 |
No |
[3] |
|
He Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
151 359 |
No |
[3] |
|
HengShen Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
5 348 |
No |
[3] |
|
Heren Charitable Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
46 930 |
No |
[3] |
|
Hero Motocorp Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
63 423 |
No |
[2] |
|
Hindustan Computer Limited (HCL) Technologies Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
67 610 |
No |
[2] |
|
Hindustan Unilever Limited (candid) / Hindustan Unilever Foundation |
India |
Domestic |
No |
77 849 |
No |
[2] |
|
Hindustan Zinc Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
82 162 |
No |
[2] |
|
Hongru Finanial Education Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
3 660 |
No |
[3] |
|
Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Bank Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
82 741 |
No |
[2] |
|
Housing Development Finance Corporation (HDFC) Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
261 570 |
No |
[2] |
|
Howard G. Buffett Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
403 665 |
No |
[5] |
|
Huamin Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
Yes |
12 164 |
No |
[3] |
|
IKEA Foundation |
Sweden |
Cross-border |
Yes |
192 155 |
No |
[5] |
|
Imperial Tobacco Company (ITC) Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
193 672 |
No |
[2] |
|
Indiabulls Housing Finance Limited CSR / Indiabulls Foundation |
India |
Domestic |
No |
36 015 |
No |
[2] |
|
Indigo Trust |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
3 123 |
Yes |
[6] |
|
IndusInd Bank Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
33 102 |
No |
[2] |
|
Industrial Credit & Investment Corporation of India (ICICI) Bank Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
94 206 |
No |
[2] |
|
Infosys Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
207 668 |
No |
[2] |
|
Infrastructure Development Finance Corporation (IDFC) Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
606 |
No |
[2] |
|
Instituto Ayrton Senna |
Brazil |
Domestic |
Yes |
38 389 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Instituto Cyrela |
Brazil |
Domestic |
No |
4 008 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Instituto Votorantim |
Brazil |
Domestic |
No |
34 666 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Itaú Social |
Brazil |
Domestic |
Yes |
124 644 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Jack Ma Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
70 017 |
No |
[3] |
|
Jacobs Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
Yes |
63 213 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Jindal Steels & Power Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
2 628 |
No |
[2] |
|
John D. & Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
278 751 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
Johnson & Johnson Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
174 358 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
JSW Steel Limited (Candid) |
India |
Domestic |
No |
46 186 |
No |
[2] |
|
Julius Baer Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
No |
5 868 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
King Baudouin Foundation |
Belgium |
Cross-border |
Yes |
34 180 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Klitschko Foundation |
Ukraine |
Domestic |
No |
1 924 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Kresge Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
56 225 |
No |
[1] |
|
La Caixa Banking Foundation |
Spain |
Cross-border |
Yes |
84 241 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Laoniu Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
40 668 |
No |
[3] |
|
Larsen and Toubro Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
74 115 |
No |
[2] |
|
Laudes Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
Yes |
148 073 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
LEGO Foundation |
Denmark |
Cross-border |
Yes |
64 540 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Leping Social Entrepreneur Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
1 870 |
No |
[3] |
|
Levi Strauss Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
No |
9 956 |
No |
[4] |
|
LGT Venture Philanthropy |
Liechtenstein |
Cross-border |
No |
27 042 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Lingshan Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
53 478 |
No |
[3] |
|
Lloyd's Register Foundation |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
40 203 |
No |
[6] |
|
Mahindra & Mahindra Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
40 223 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Mana Data Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
2 062 |
No |
[3] |
|
Margaret A. Cargill Philanthropies (MACP) |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
196 438 |
No |
[4] |
|
Maruti Suzuki India Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
84 800 |
No |
[2] |
|
Mastercard Foundation |
Canada |
Cross-border |
Yes |
853 259 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
MAVA Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
Yes |
180 395 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
McKnight Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
18 202 |
No |
[5] |
|
Medtronic Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
No |
15 860 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
MetLife Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
61 912 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Michael & Susan Dell Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
125 216 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Moshal Scholarship Program |
South Africa |
Domestic |
No |
16 056 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Mphasis Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
10 078 |
No |
[2] |
|
Minsheng Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
14 020 |
No |
[3] |
|
Murtala Muhammed Foundation |
Nigeria |
Domestic |
No |
427 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Nacional Monte de Piedad I.A.P. |
Mexico |
Domestic |
No |
79 881 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Narada Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
11 392 |
No |
[3] |
|
Ningxia Yanbao Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
44 182 |
No |
[3] |
|
NoVo Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
152 220 |
No |
[4] |
|
Novo Nordisk Foundation |
Denmark |
Cross-border |
No |
41 476 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Novo Nordisk Haemophilia Foundation (NNHF) |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
No |
6 502 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Oak Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
Yes |
454 721 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
OceanWide Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
353 483 |
No |
[3] |
|
Omidyar Network |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
172 165 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Open Society Foundations |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
546 062 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Piramal Enterprises Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
12 695 |
No |
[2] |
|
Reliance Industries Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
500 393 |
No |
[2] |
|
Robert Bosch Stiftung GmbH |
Germany |
Cross-border |
Yes |
106 188 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Rockefeller Brothers Fund |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
97 405 |
No |
[4] |
|
Roger Federer Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
No |
24 610 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Rohini Nilekani Philanthropies |
India |
Domestic |
No |
18 787 |
No |
[1] |
|
Sanofi Espoir Foundation |
France |
Cross-border |
Yes |
9 872 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Sawiris Foundation for Social Development |
Egypt |
Domestic |
Yes |
44 491 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
SEE Foundation / SEE (Society of Entrepreneurs and Ecology) |
China |
Domestic |
No |
63 187 |
No |
[3] |
|
Segal Family Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
13 383 |
No |
[4] |
|
SF Express Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
33 995 |
No |
[3] |
|
Shanghai Rende Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
18 307 |
No |
[3] |
|
Shanghai United Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
27 388 |
No |
[3] |
|
Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi Foundation for Policy Research |
United Arab Emirates |
Cross-border |
No |
594 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Shenzhen One Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
266 806 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Sishen Iron Ore Company-Community Development Trust (SIOC) |
South Africa |
Domestic |
No |
21 653 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Skoll Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
38 618 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
Susan T. Buffett Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
906 896 |
No |
[5] |
|
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
286 655 |
No |
[2] |
|
Tata Power Company Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
5 162 |
No |
[2] |
|
Tata Steel Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
113 561 |
No |
[2] |
|
Tata Trusts |
India |
Domestic |
Yes |
914 903 |
No |
[7] |
|
Templeton World Charity Foundation Inc |
Bahamas |
Cross-border |
No |
71 052 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Tencent Charity Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
368 601 |
No |
[3] |
|
The Atlantic Philanthropies |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
488 775 |
No |
[4] |
|
Beijing Sany Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
8 464 |
No |
[3] |
|
The DG Murray Trust |
South Africa |
Domestic |
No |
44 536 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
The Gatsby Charitable Foundation |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
53 175 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
The Lemelson Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
16 832 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
596 640 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
The Mulago Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
No |
46 759 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
The PepsiCo Foundation, Inc. |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
47 867 |
No |
[4] |
|
The Rockefeller Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
219 656 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
The Sanlam Foundation Trust |
South Africa |
Domestic |
No |
17 277 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
The Toyota Foundation |
Japan |
Cross-border |
Yes |
4 778 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
The David and Elaine Potter Foundation |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
3 604 |
Yes |
[6] |
|
The Rain Tree Foundation |
India |
Domestic |
No |
31 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
The Tony Elumelu Foundation |
Nigeria |
Cross-border |
Yes |
20 630 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
The W.K. Kellogg Foundation (WKKF) |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
153 949 |
Yes |
[4] |
|
Titan Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
6 860 |
No |
[2] |
|
Tudor Trust |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
No |
6 257 |
No |
[6] |
|
TY Danjuma Foundation |
Nigeria |
Domestic |
No |
3 071 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
UBS Optimus Foundation |
Switzerland |
Cross-border |
Yes |
95 414 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Ultratech Cement Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
38 354 |
No |
[2] |
|
United Bank of Africa Foundation (UBA) |
Nigeria |
Domestic |
No |
468 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
United Postcode Lotteries |
Netherlands |
Cross-border |
Yes |
1 326 548 |
No |
[5] |
|
Vanke Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
38 710 |
No |
[3] |
|
Veolia Foundation |
France |
Cross-border |
Yes |
6 362 |
Yes |
[1] |
|
Walmart Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
38 358 |
No |
[4] |
|
Wellcome Trust |
United Kingdom |
Cross-border |
Yes |
858 925 |
No |
[5] |
|
William & Flora Hewlett Foundation |
United States |
Cross-border |
Yes |
528 936 |
No |
[5] |
|
Wipro Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
118 733 |
No |
[2] |
|
World Diabetes Foundation |
Denmark |
Cross-border |
Yes |
55 877 |
Yes |
[5] |
|
Yifang Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
890 |
Yes |
[3] |
|
Zee entertainment enterprises Limited CSR |
India |
Domestic |
No |
9 226 |
No |
[2] |
|
Zenex Foundation |
South Africa |
Domestic |
No |
17 852 |
No |
[1] |
|
Zijiang Foundation |
China |
Domestic |
No |
1 862 |
No |
[3] |
Notes: Organisations are listed in alphabetical order.
Key: A = Name of organisation, B = Country of organisation, C = Type of organisation (cross-border or domestic), D = Respondent to the first edition of Private Philanthropy for Development (Yes/No), E = Total USD thousands (constant 2019), F = Respondent to OECD organisational survey (Yes/No), G = Data source (all websites as of 30 June 2021).
[1] Source: OECD Private philanthropy for development financial survey.
[2] Source: OECD estimates based on Ministry of Corporate Affairs of India Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) portal, https://www.csr.gov.in/
as of 30 June 2021.
[3] Source: People’s Republic of China Non-Profit Organisations (NPO) Portal https://cszg.mca.gov.cn/platform/login.html, accessed on 30 June 2021.
[4] Source: OECD estimates based on Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Form 990PF fillings available at https://www.irs.gov/charities-non-profits/form-990-series-downloads as of 30 June 2021.
[5] Source: OECD Creditor Reporting System, https://stats.oecd.org/Index.aspx?DataSetCode=DV_DCD_PPFD as of 30 June 2021.
[6] Source: 360Giving GrantNav portal https://grantnav.threesixtygiving.org/ as of 30 June 2021.
[7] Source: OECD estimates based Tata Trusts annual reports available at https://www.tatatrusts.org/about-tatatrusts/annualreports as of 30 June 2021.