Policy Responses to Rising Autism Diagnoses in Childhood

Abbreviations and acronyms

Currency acronyms
AUD	Australian dollar
CAD	Canadian dollar
DKK	Danish krone
EUR	Euro
GBP	British pound
NIS	New Israeli shekel
SEK	Swedish krona
USD	United States dollar

 

Standardised diagnostic instruments
3di	Developmental, Dimensional and Diagnostic Interview
ABAS-II	Adaptive Behaviour Assessment System, Second edition
ADI-R	Autism Diagnostic Interview – Revised
ADOS (‑2)	Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule (Second edition)
AQ	Autism-Spectrum Quotient
ASQ-SE2	Ages and Stages Questionnaires SE‑2
ASSQ	Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire
CARS	Childhood Autism Rating Scale
CAST	Childhood Autism Spectrum Test
CAT-Q	Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire
CSBS	Communication and Symbolic Behaviour Scales
DISCO	Diagnostic Interview for Social and Communication Disorders
ECA-R	Échelle d’évaluation des comportements autistiques révisée [Autistic behaviours evaluation scale, revised]
GARS	Gilliam Autism Rating Scale
MBAS	Marburg Assessment Scale for Asperger’s Syndrome
M-CHAT	Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
MHI‑5	Mental Health Inventory
SCQ	Social Communication Questionnaire
SCW	South Central Wisconsin (from Group Health Co‑operative of South-Central Wisconsin, GHC-SCW)
SEAS-M	Scale for the Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders in the Less Abled
SRS	Social Responsiveness Scale
VISK/CSBQ	Vragenlijst voor Inventarisatie van Sociaal gedrag van Kinderen [Children’s Social Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire]
WPPSI-IV	Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence, Fourth edition

 

International acronyms
ABA	Applied Behaviour Analysis
ADHD	Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
AI	Artificial Intelligence
APA	American Psychiatric Association
ASD	Autism Spectrum Disorder
CDD	Childhood Disintegrative Disorder
DSM	Diagnostic and Statistical Manual
ESCAP	European Society of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
GP	General Practitioner
HMO	Health Management Organisation
ICD	International Classification of Diseases
ICF	International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health
IEP	Individual Education Plan
LLM	Large Language Model
NDD	Neurodevelopmental Disorder
NGO	Non-governmental organisation
OCD	Obsessive‑Compulsive Disorder
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development
PDD	Pervasive Developmental Disorder
PDD-NOS	Pervasive Developmental Disorder, Not Otherwise Specified
PPP	Purchasing Power Parity
SEN	Special Educational Needs
SES	Socio‑economic Status
UNCRPD	United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
WHO	World Health Organization

Country-specific terms

Australia
DCLA	Disability Care Load (Child) Assessment
DCLAD	Disability Care Load (Child) Assessment Determination
ILP	Individual Learning Plan
NDIA	National Disability Insurance Agency
NDIS	National Disability Insurance Scheme
QDTP	Quality Differentiated Teaching Practice
SALP	Specialised Autism Learning Programs
SDAC	Survey of Disability, Ageing and Carers
SRS	Schooling Resource Standard

Canada
ACSD	Assistance for Children with Severe Disabilities
AISH	Assured Income for the Severely Handicapped
CDB	Child Disability Benefit
CHSCY	Canadian Health Survey on Children and Youth
CTC	Children’s Treatment Centre
DTC	Disability Tax Credit
IPP	Individualised Program Plan
MCCSS	Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services
OAP	Ontario Autism Program
PSLP	Preschool Speech and Language Program
SBRS	School‐Based Rehabilitation Services
SSAH	Special Services at Home

Denmark
LPR	Landspatientregisteret	National Patient Registry
PPR	Pædagogisk Psykologisk Rådgivning	Pedagogical Psychological Counselling

Estonia
SRC	Social Rehabilitation Centre

 

France
AEEH	Allocation d’éducation de l’enfant handicapé	Education Allowance for Disabled Children
AJPP	Allocation Journalière de Présence Parentale	Daily Parental Presence Allowance
CAF	Caisse d’Allocations Familiales	Family Allowance Fund
CAMSP	Centre d’action médico-sociale précoce	Centre for early medico-social action
CDAPH	Commission des droits et de l’autonomie des personnes handicapées	Commission on the Rights and Autonomy of Persons with Disabilities
CMI	Carte mobilité d’inclusion	Mobility Inclusion Card
CMP	Centre medico-pédagogique	Medico-psychological centre
CMPP	Centre médico-psycho-pédagogique	Medico-psycho-pedagogical centres
CRA	Centre de Ressources Autisme	Autism Resources Centre
EPE	Équipe Pluridisciplinaire d’Évaluation	Multi-disciplinary Evaluation Team
ESS	Équipe de Suivi de la Scolarisation	School Monitoring Team
GEVA	Guide d’évaluation des besoins de compensation des personnes handicapées	Guide to assessing the needs of disabled people
GEVA-Sco	Guide d’évaluation des besoins de compensation en matière de scolarisation	Guide to assessing needs in education
HAS	Haute Autorité de Santé	Health Authority
MDPH	Maison Départementale des Personnes Handicapées	Department for the Disabled
PCH	Prestation de compensation du handicap	Disability Compensation Benefit
PCO	Plateforme d’orientation et de co‑ordination	Co‑ordination and Guidance Platform
PPS	Projet personnalisé de scolarisation	Individualised Education Plan
SESSAD	Services d’Éducation Spéciale et de Soins à Domicile	Special Education and Home Care Services
UEEA	Unité d’enseignement en élementaire autisme	Elementary School Autism Unit
UEMA	Unité d’enseignement maternelle autisme	Pre‑school Autism Unit
ULIS	Unités Localisées pour l’Inclusion Scolaire	Local Units for School Inclusion

Germany
AGG	Allgemeine Gleichbehandlungsgesetz	General Equal Treatment Act
AWMF	Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften	Association of the Scientific Medical Societies
BGG	Behindertengleichstellungsgesetz	Disability Equality Act
BTHG	Bundesteilhabegesetz	Federal Participation Act
SGB	Sozialgesetzbuch	Social Code

Israel
ALUT	אלו”ט	Israeli Society for Autistic Children
NII	המוסד לביטוח לאומי (Bituah Leumi)	National Insurance Institute
RAMA	הרשות הארצית למדידה והערכה בחינוך	National Authority for Measurement and Evaluation in Education

 

the Netherlands
CBS	Centraal Bureau voor de Statistiek	Central Bureau of Statistics
CIZ	Centrum Indicatiestelling Zorg	Centre for Indications for Care
JW	Jeugdwet	Youth Act
NIP	Nederlands Instituut van Psychologen	Dutch Institute of Psychologists
NVvP	Nederlandse Vereniging voor Psychiatrie	Dutch Association for Psychiatry
PGB	Persoonsgebonden Budget	Personal Budget
SBO	Speciaal Basisonderwijs	Special Primary Education
SO	Speciaal Onderwijs	Special Education
SVB	Sociale Verzekeringsbank	Social Insurance Bank
TLV	Toelaatbaarheidsverklaring	Declaration of Admissibility
VSO	Voortgezet Speciaal Onderwijs	Secondary Special Education
WGBH/CZ	Wet gelijke behandeling op grond van handicap of chronische ziekte	Equal Treatment on the Grounds of Disability or Chronic Illness Act
Wlz	Wet langdurige zorg	Long-term Care Act
Wmo	Wet maatschappelijke ondersteuning	Social Support Act
WsW	Wet Werk en Bijstand	Work and Social Assistance Act
Zvw	Zorgverzekeringswet	Health Insurance Act

Sweden
LSS	Lagen om stöd och service till vissa funktionshindrade	Act Concerning Support and Service for Persons with Certain Functional Impairments
NBHW	Socialstyrelsen	National Board of Health and Welfare
SCB	Statistiska centralbyrån	Central Bureau of Statistics
SPSM	Specialpedagogiska skolmyndigheten	National Agency for Special Needs Education and Schools

United Kingdom
APMS	Adult Psychiatric Morbidity Survey
DLA	Disability Living Allowance
DWP	Department for Work and Pensions
EHC(P)	Education, Health & Care (Plan)
NHS	National Health Service
NICE	National Institute for Health and Care Excellence
SENCo	Special Educational Needs Co‑ordinator
SEND	Special Educational Needs and Disability
UC	Universal Credit

 

United States
ADDM	Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring
APA	American Psychiatric Association
CDC	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
CDE	California Department of Education
CDSS	California Department of Social Services
DDS	Disability Determination Services
EPSDT	Early & Periodic Screening, Diagnostic & Treatment
HCBS-DD	Home and Community-Based Services for the Developmentally Disabled
IDEA	Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
IEP	Individualised Education Program
IHSS	In-Home Supportive Services
NSCH	National Survey of Children’s Health
SECC	Special Education Child Count
SELPA	Special Education Local Plan Areas
SSA	Social Security Administration
SSI	Supplemental Security Income
SSP	California State Supplementary Payment