Oslo Manual 2018

Abbreviations and acronyms

AI	Artificial intelligence
ANZSIC	Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification
APSC	Australian Public Service Commission
CAD	Computer-aided design
CAPI	Computer-assisted personal interviewing
CATI	Computer-assisted telephone interviewing
CDM	Crépon, Duguet and Mairesse
CIS	Community Innovation Survey (European Commission)
CPC	Central Product Classification (United Nations)
EC	European Commission
EIS	European Innovation Scoreboard
ESS	European Statistical System
EU	European Union
EUIPO	European Union Intellectual Property Office
Eurostat	European Commission’s Directorate-General for Statistics
FTE	Full-time equivalent
G20	Group of Twenty
GDP	Gross domestic product
HEI	Higher education institution
ICT	Information and communication technology
ILO	International Labour Organization
INSEE	Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques (France)
IP	Intellectual property
IPP	Intellectual property product
IPRs	Intellectual property rights
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
ISIC	International Standard Industrial Classification of All Economic Activities
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
IT	Information technology
KAU	Kind-of-activity unit
KBC	Knowledge-based capital
MMD	Micro-moments database
MNE	Multinational enterprise
NACE	Statistical classification of economic activities in the European Community
NAICS	North American Industry Classification System
NEPAD	New Partnership for Africa’s Development
NESTI	Working Party of National Experts on Science and Technology Indicators
NPI	Non-profit institution
NPISHs	Non-profit institutions serving households
NSO	National statistical organisation
NSS	National statistical system
NTF	New-to-firm
NTM	New-to-market
OECD	Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
OM	Oslo Manual
PCT	Patent Cooperation Treaty (World Intellectual Property Organization)
PIAAC	Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies
PRI	Public research institution
RICYT	Ibero-American/Inter-American Network for Science and Technology Indicators
R&D	Research and experimental development
RHG	Response homogeneity group
SIBS	Survey of Innovation and Business Strategy (Canada)
SMEs	Small and medium-sized enterprises
SNA	System of National Accounts (United Nations)
STI	Science, technology and innovation
TQM	Total Quality Management
TRIPS	Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
UIS	UNESCO Institute for Statistics
UN	United Nations
UPOV	International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants
WIPO	World Intellectual Property Organization
WTO	World Trade Organization