| 5G | Fifth generation of mobile networks |
| AI | Artificial intelligence |
| AMNE | Analytical multinational database |
| B2B | Business-to-business |
| B2C | Business-to-consumer |
| CoR | OECD-European Committee of the Regions |
| COVID-19 | Coronavirus disease 2019 |
| CRM | Customer relationship management |
| EC | European Commission |
| ESG | Environmental, social and governance |
| EU | European Union |
| FA | Foreign affiliate |
| FDI | Foreign direct investment |
| Fintech | Financial Technology |
| FOBS | Future of Business Survey |
| G2B | Government to business |
| GAFAM | Google, Apple, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GEM | Global Entrepreneurship Monitor |
| GVC | Global value chain |
| ICIO | Inter-Country Input-Output matrix |
| ICT | Information and communication technology |
| IMF | International Monetary Fund |
| ISIC | International Standard Industrial Classification |
| ISO | International Standard for Country Codes |
| IT | Information technology |
| LFS | Labour force statistics |
| MNE | Multinational enterprise |
| MSME | Micro, small- and medium-sized enterprises |
| OI | Open innovation |
| PPP | Purchasing power parity |
| R&D | Research and Development |
| RBC | Responsible business conduct |
| RRF | Recovery and Resilience Facility |
| RTA | Revealed technological advantage |
| SARS | Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
| SDBS | Structural and Demographic Business Statistics database |
| SMBs | Small and medium-sized businesses |
| SME | Small and medium-sized enterprise |
| SME&E | Small and medium-sized enterprises and entrepreneurship |
| TEC | Trade by Enterprise Characteristics |
| TEI | Timely Entrepreneurship Indicators |
| TiVA | Trade in Value Added database |
| VC | Venture capital |
| WB | World Bank |
| WHO | World Health Organisation |
Acronyms and abbreviations
Copy link to Acronyms and abbreviationsAcronyms
Abbreviations
Table 1. Country abbreviations and national currency (ISO codes)
Copy link to Table 1. Country abbreviations and national currency (ISO codes)|
ARG |
Argentina |
Argentine peso |
ARS |
|
AUS |
Australia |
Australian dollar |
AUD |
|
AUT |
Austria |
Euro |
EUR |
|
BEL |
Belgium |
Euro |
EUR |
|
BRA |
Brazil |
Brazilian real |
BRL |
|
CAN |
Canada |
Canadian dollar |
CAD |
|
CHE |
Switzerland |
Franc |
CHF |
|
CHL |
Chile |
Chilean peso |
CLP |
|
CHN |
People’s Republic of China |
Yuan renminbi |
CNY |
|
CIR |
Costa Rica |
Colón |
CRC |
|
COL |
Colombia |
Colombian peso |
COP |
|
CZE |
Czech Republic |
Koruna |
CZK |
|
DEU |
Germany |
Euro |
EUR |
|
DNK |
Denmark |
Krone |
DKK |
|
ESP |
Spain |
Euro |
EUR |
|
EST |
Estonia |
Estonian kroon |
EEK |
|
EU |
European Union |
Euro |
EUR |
|
FIN |
Finland |
Euro |
EUR |
|
FRA |
France |
Euro |
EUR |
|
GBR |
United Kingdom |
British pound |
GBP |
|
GRC |
Greece |
Euro |
EUR |
|
HUN |
Hungary |
Forint |
HUF |
|
IDN |
Indonesia |
Rupiah |
IDR |
|
IRL |
Ireland |
Euro |
EUR |
|
ISL |
Iceland |
Króna |
ISK |
|
ISR |
Israel |
New Israeli sheqel |
ILS |
|
ITA |
Italy |
Euro |
EUR |
|
JPN |
Japan |
Yen |
JPY |
|
KOR |
Korea |
Won |
KRW |
|
LTU |
Lithuania |
Lithuanian litas |
LTL |
|
LUX |
Luxembourg |
Euro |
EUR |
|
LVA |
Latvia |
Latvian lat |
LVL |
|
MEX |
Mexico |
Mexican peso |
MXN |
|
NLD |
Netherlands |
Euro |
EUR |
|
NOR |
Norway |
Krone |
NOK |
|
NZL |
New Zealand |
New Zealand dollar |
NZD |
|
POL |
Poland |
Zloty |
PLN |
|
PRT |
Portugal |
Euro |
EUR |
|
ROU |
Romania |
Romanian leu |
RON |
|
RUS |
Russian Federation |
New Russian ruble |
RUB |
|
SVK |
Slovak Republic |
Koruna |
SKK |
|
SVN |
Slovenia |
Euro |
EUR |
|
SWE |
Sweden |
Krona |
SEK |
|
TUR |
Turkey |
Turkish lira |
TRY |
|
USA |
United States |
United States dollar |
USD |
|
ZAF |
South Africa |
South African rand |
ZAR |
Country groupings
| BRIICS | Brazil, Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, People’s Republic of China, South Africa. |
| EU27 | European Union (Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden). |
| G20 | Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Republic of Korea, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States, and the European Union. |
| OECD | Total OECD 38 (Australia, Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Mexico, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, United Kingdom, United States). |
Country notes
Israel
The statistical data for Israel are supplied by and under the responsibility of the relevant Israeli authorities. The use of such data by the OECD is without prejudice to the status of the Golan Heights, East Jerusalem and Israeli settlements in the West Bank under the terms of international law.