OECD Future of Education and Skills 2030 Anticipation-Action‑Reflection Cycle for 2030

The Anticipation-Action-Reflection (AAR) cycle is an iterative learning process whereby learners continuously improve their thinking and act intentionally and responsibly, moving over time towards long-term goals that contribute to collective well-being. Through planning, experience and reflection, learners deepen their understanding and widen their perspective. The AAR cycle builds on and integrates a range of other learning processes. It is informed by developmental and social theories of learning, and by other models of learning cycles used in a range of contexts. It consists of three phases: anticipation, action and reflection. The three stages of the AAR cycle inform, complement and strengthen each other.