Basic statistics of Malaysia, 2025
Copy link to Basic statistics of Malaysia, 2025(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)
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LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|
Population (million) |
35.6 |
|
Population density per km² |
108.2 |
(39.6) |
|
Under 15 (%,) |
21.8 |
(16.7) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2023) |
76.7 |
(80.2) |
|
Over 65 (%) |
7.7 |
(18.6) |
Men (2023) |
74.3 |
(77.6) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2024) |
10.7 |
(15.7) |
Women (2023) |
79.4 |
(82.8) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
1.2 |
(0.5) |
Latest general election |
November 2022 |
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ECONOMY |
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Gross domestic product (GDP) |
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Value added shares (%,2025) |
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In current prices (billion USD) |
473.2 |
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Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
8.2 |
(2.6) |
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In current prices (billion MYR) |
2025.4 |
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Industry including construction |
33.2 |
(26.0) |
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Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
5.2 |
(3.0) |
Services |
57.2 |
(71.4) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP)1 |
38.8 |
(62.1) |
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GENERAL GOVERNMENT |
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Expenditure (OECD: 2024) |
23.9 |
(42.7) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2024) |
70.1 |
(112.5) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2024) |
19.9 |
(37.9) |
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EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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Exchange rate (MYR per USD) |
4.28 |
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Main exports (% of merchandise exports, 2024) |
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|
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PPP exchange rate (USA = 1, 2024) |
1.40 |
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Machinery and electronics |
51.3 |
|
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In per cent of GDP |
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Fuels |
11.1 |
|
|
|
Exports of goods and services |
72.2 |
(31.0) |
Animal/vegetable fats, oils, waxes |
5.7 |
|
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Imports of goods and services |
66.8 |
(31.2) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports, 2024) |
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|
Current account balance (OECD: 2024) |
1.6 |
(-0.3) |
Machinery and electronics |
47.8 |
|
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Net international investment position |
-0.5 |
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Fuels |
12.0 |
|
|
|
Metals |
7.0 |
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LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %, 2024, OECD: 2024) |
68.4 |
(59.8) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %, 2024, OECD: 2024) |
3.2 |
(4.8) |
|
Men (2024, OECD: 2024) |
80.5 |
(67.5) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %, 2024, OECD: 2024) |
10.3 |
(10.5) |
|
Women (2024, OECD: 2024) |
54.7 |
(52.6) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2024, OECD: 2024) |
0.2 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %, 2024, OECD: 2024) |
70.6 |
(62.6) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2022, OECD: 2024)² |
23.3 |
(41.8) |
|
Mean weekly hours worked (2024, OECD: 2024) |
44.8 |
(36.8) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2022, OECD: 2022) |
1.01 |
(3.0) |
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ENVIRONMENT |
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Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2023, OECD: 2024) |
3.0 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2023, OECD: 2024) |
7.3 |
(7.5) |
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
4.5 |
(13.1) |
Renewable internal freshwater resources per capita (1 000 m³, 2022) |
16.7 |
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Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
99.2 |
(56.5) |
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SOCIETY |
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Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2021, OECD: latest available) |
0.407 |
(0.315) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
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Poverty gap at USD 6.85 a day (2017 PPP, %, 2021) |
0.5 |
Reading |
388 |
(476) |
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Mathematics |
409 |
(472) |
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Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
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Science |
416 |
(485) |
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Health care (2022, OECD: 2024) |
3.9 |
(9.3) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2024) |
13.5 |
(33.3) |
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Education (public spending, % of GNI, 2021) |
3.9 |
(4.4) |
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Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
1. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average. 2. For Malaysia, data refers to percentage of the population aged 25 and over. 3. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, Labour Force Survey, (2024, DOSM), Malaysian Science and Technology Information Centre (MASTIC), International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.