Basic statistics of Latvia, 2025
Copy link to Basic statistics of Latvia, 2025(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)
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LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million, 2024) |
1.9 |
Population density per km² (2024) |
30.0 |
(39.6) |
|
|
Under 15 (%,2024) |
15.4 |
(16.7) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2023) |
75.6 |
(81.2) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2024) |
21.7 |
(18.6) |
Men (2023) |
70.5 |
(78.6) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2024) |
11.8 |
(15.7) |
Women (2023) |
80.6 |
(83.8) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
-0.5 |
(0.5) |
Latest general election |
October 2022 |
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ECONOMY |
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|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%, OECD: 2024) |
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|
In current prices (billion USD) |
48.6 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
4.6 |
(2.6) |
|
|
In current prices (billion EUR) |
43.0 |
Industry including construction |
21.2 |
(26.0) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
2.0 |
(3.0) |
Services |
74.1 |
(71.4) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP)¹ |
46.8 |
(64.9) |
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|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT (Per cent of GDP) |
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|
Expenditure (OECD: 2024) |
46.1 |
(42.6) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2024) |
57.5 |
(109.5) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2024) |
43.6 |
(37.8) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2024) |
18.2 |
(65.8) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Exchange rate (EUR per USD) |
0.89 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
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|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.50 |
Wood |
16.9 |
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|
In per cent of GDP |
Machinery and electronics |
15.4 |
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|
Exports of goods and services |
62.6 |
(29.9) |
Food Products |
10.1 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
67.2 |
(29.7) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
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|
Current account balance |
-3.4 |
(-0.4) |
Machinery and electronics |
20.6 |
|
|
Net international investment position |
-19.1 |
Chemicals |
11.4 |
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|
Fuels |
10.7 |
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LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
57.4 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
6.9 |
(4.9) |
|
Men (OECD: 2024) |
62.3 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %, OECD: 2024) |
14.8 |
(11.1) |
|
Women (OECD: 2024) |
53.3 |
(51.0) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2024) |
2.2 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
61.6 |
(61.0) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2024) |
40.5 |
(41.8) |
|
Average hours worked per year (2024) |
1 637 |
(1 736) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2024) |
0.9 |
(2.7) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
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|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2024) |
2.3 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2024) |
3.4 |
(7.5) |
|
Renewables (%, 2024) |
46.7 |
(13.1) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2023) |
0.1 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
58.6 |
(56.5) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2024) |
0.5 |
(0.5) |
|
SOCIETY |
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|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2023, OECD: latest available) |
0.340 |
(0.315) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
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|
Relative poverty rate (%, 2023, OECD: 2022) |
16.2 |
(11.5) |
Reading |
475 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2023, OECD: 2022) |
24.9 |
(31.9) |
Mathematics |
483 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
494 |
(485) |
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Healthcare (2024) |
7.6 |
(9.3) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2024) |
32.0 |
(33.3) |
|
Pensions (2021) |
8.1 |
(9.9) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI) |
0.2 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (total spending, 2022) |
3.8 |
(4.7) |
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Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
1. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.