Basic statistics of Canada, 2024
Copy link to Basic statistics of Canada, 2024(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)1
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LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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Population (million, 2023) |
40.1 |
Population density per km² (2023) |
4.6 |
(39.2) |
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Under 15 (%, 2023) |
15.3 |
(16.9) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2022) |
81.3 |
(80.6) |
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Over 65 (%, 2023) |
19.4 |
(18.2) |
Men (2022) |
79.1 |
(78.0) |
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International migrant stock (% of population) |
22.2 |
(15.7) |
Women (2022) |
83.6 |
(83.2) |
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Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
1.6 |
(0.4) |
Latest general election |
April-2025 |
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ECONOMY |
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Gross domestic product (GDP) |
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Value added shares (%, 2021, OECD: 2023) |
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In current prices (billion USD) |
2 240.6 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
1.7 |
(2.7) |
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In current prices (billion CAD) |
3 069.1 |
Industry including construction |
27.1 |
(27.1) |
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Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
1.6 |
(1.7) |
Services |
71.1 |
(70.2) |
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Per capita (thousand USD PPP, 2023)2 |
64.4 |
(59.0) |
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GENERAL GOVERNMENT (Per cent of GDP) |
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Expenditure (OECD: 2023) |
44.7 |
(42.4) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2023) |
107.3 |
(110.5) |
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Revenue |
42.6 |
(37.8) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2023) |
8.4 |
(67.0) |
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EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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Exchange rate (CAD per USD) |
1.37 |
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Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
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PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
1.14 |
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Fuels |
25.5 |
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In per cent of GDP |
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Transportation |
12.7 |
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Exports of goods and services |
32.5 |
(30.5) |
Machinery and electronics |
10.3 |
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Imports of goods and services |
32.7 |
(30.1) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
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Current account balance |
-0.5 |
(-0.7) |
Machinery and electronics |
24.3 |
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Net international investment position |
61.9 |
Transportation |
18.5 |
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Chemicals |
9.8 |
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LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
61.3 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
6.4 |
(4.9) |
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Men |
65.1 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
13.0 |
(11.1) |
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Women |
57.6 |
(51.0) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2023) |
0.4 |
(1.0) |
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Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
65.5 |
(61.0) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2023) |
63.3 |
(41.0) |
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Average hours worked per year |
1 685 |
(1 742) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2022, OECD: 2021) |
1.6 |
(2.9) |
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ENVIRONMENT |
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Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2023) |
7.4 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2023) |
13.2 |
(7.6) |
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Renewables (%, 2023) |
16.1 |
(12.5) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2015) |
0.9 |
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Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
0.0 |
(56.5) |
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SOCIETY |
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Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2022, OECD: latest available) |
0.300 |
(0.316) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
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Relative poverty rate (%, 2021, OECD: 2020) |
11.9 |
(11.7) |
Reading |
507 |
(476) |
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Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2022, OECD: 2021) |
44.4 |
(30.0) |
Mathematics |
497 |
(472) |
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Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
515 |
(485) |
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Health care (2023) |
11.2 |
(9.2) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2023) |
30.7 |
(32.8) |
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Pensions (2022, OECD: 2021) |
5.9 |
(9.9) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2022) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
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Education (total spending, 2020) |
6.0 |
(5.1) |
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¹ The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
² OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.