Measuring Science and Innovation for Sustainable Growth

Reader’s guide

Acronyms

 

Acronym	Definition
ASJC	All Science and Journal Classification
BERD	Business enterprise expenditure on research and development
CIS	Community Innovation Survey
CNIPA	China National Intellectual Property Administration
CPC	Cooperative Patent Classification
DOI	Digital object identifier
EPO	European Patent Office
EUIPO	European Union Intellectual Property Office
EUR	Euros
FTE	Full-time equivalent
GBARD	Government budget allocations for R&D
GDP	Gross domestic product
GERD	Gross domestic expenditure on R&D
GHG	Greenhouse gas
HERD	Higher education expenditure on R&D
ICT	Information and communication technology
IP	Intellectual property
IP5	Five largest IP Offices (EPO, JPO, KIPO, CNIPA, USPTO)
IPC	International Patent Classification
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
ISIC	International Standard Industrial Classification
IWEB	Innovation with environmental benefits
JPO	Japan Patent Office
KBC	Knowledge-based capital
KIPO	Korean Intellectual Property Office
R&D	Research and (experimental) development
RD&D	R&D and demonstration
SEO	Socio-economic objective
SME	Small and medium-sized enterprise
USD	United States dollar
USPTO	United States Patent and Trademark Office
VC	Venture capital
WIPO	World Intellectual Property Organization

Country codes

 

Country	ISO Code
Argentina	ARG
Australia	AUS
Austria	AUT
Belgium	BEL
Brazil	BRA
Bulgaria	BGR
Canada	CAN
Chile	CHL
China	CHN
Colombia	COL
Costa Rica	CRI
Croatia	HRV
Cyprus	CYP
Czech Republic	CZE
Denmark	DNK
Estonia	EST
Finland	FIN
France	FRA
Germany	DEU
Greece	GRC
Hungary	HUN
Iceland	ISL
India	IND
Indonesia	IDN
Ireland	IRL
Israel	ISR
Italy	ITA
Japan	JPN
Korea	KOR
Latvia	LVA
Lithuania	LTU
Luxembourg	LUX
Malaysia	MYS
Malta	MLT
Mexico	MEX
Netherlands	NLD
New Zealand	NZL
Norway	NOR
Philippines	PHL
Poland	POL
Portugal	PRT
Romania	ROU
Russia	RUS
Saudi Arabia	SAU
Singapore	SGP
Slovak Republic	SVK
Slovenia	SVN
South Africa	ZAF
Spain	ESP
Sweden	SWE
Switzerland	CHE
Turkey	TUR
United Kingdom	GBR
United States	USA

Country groupings

 

Grouping	Countries
ASEAN	Brunei Darussalam, Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Singapore, Thailand and Viet Nam.
Euro Area	Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, the Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Spain.
EU27	European Union
G7	Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
G20	Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union
OECD	Total OECD
RoW	Rest of the world
WLD	World