International Review of Micro‑Credential Systems

Abbreviations and acronyms

AQF	Australian Qualifications Framework
CROQF	Croatian National Qualification Framework
DFHERIS	Department of Further and Higher Education, Research, Innovation and Science (Ireland)
ECTS	European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System
EGFSN	The Expert Group on Future Skills Needs (Ireland)
EHIS	Estonian Education Information System
EIT	European Institute of Innovation and Technology
EQA	External quality assurance
ESF	European Social Fund
ESG	Environmental, social and governance reporting
ESG	Standards and Guidelines for Quality Assurance in the European Higher Education Area
ETB	Education and Training Board
FET	Further education and training (sector)
HAKA	Estonian Quality Agency for Education
IBE	Educational Research Institute (Poland)
IoC	Institute of Coding (United Kingdom)
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
ISCED-F	Fields of Education and Training
IUA	Irish Universities Association
JOTPA	Service Centre for Continuous Learning and Employment
NFQ	National Framework of Qualifications (Ireland)
NGO	Non-governmental organisation
NPILF	National Priorities and Industry Linkage Fund (Australia)
NQF	National Qualifications Frameworks
NZQA	The New Zealand Qualifications Authority
NZQCF	New Zealand Qualifications and Credentials Framework
OSKA	Oskuste Arendamise Koordinatsioonisüsteem (Skills Development Co‑ordination System in Estonia)
OsKuS	The skills and professional qualifications system in Estonia
QQI	Quality and Qualifications Ireland
RPL	Recognition of prior learning
RRF	EU Recovery and Resilience Facility
SAA	Skills assessment and anticipation
SME	Small and medium-sized enterprises
STEM	Science, technology, engineering and math
VET	Vocational education and training
VILN	Validation of non-formal and informal learning (Estonia)