| AFACI | Asian Food and Agriculture Co-operation Initiative |
| AI | Artificial Intelligence |
| AIS | Agricultural innovation system |
| APQA | Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency |
| APR | Agriculture Promotion Region |
| ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
| ASG | Agricultural Safeguard |
| AT | Korea Agro-Fisheries and Food Trade Corporation |
| BAU | Business-As-Usual |
| BERD | Business Expenditures on R&D |
| BOD | Biochemical Oxygen Demand |
| BTL | Build-Transfer-Lease |
| BTO | Build-Transfer-Operate |
| COD | Chemical Oxygen Demand |
| CSE | Consumer Support Estimate |
| CRCs | Co-operative Research Centres |
| EIA | Environmental Impact Assessment |
| EPIS | Korea Agency of Education, Promotion and Information Service in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
| EPS | Employment Permit System |
| ETS | Emission Trading Scheme |
| EU | European Union |
| EU15 | 15 member states of the European Union, which were members in 2003 |
| FACT | Foundation of Agricultural Technology Commercialization and Transfer |
| FDI | Foreign Direct Investment |
| FMD | Food-and-Mouth Disease |
| FPP | Farmland Purchase Program |
| FSS | Financial Supervisory Service |
| FTA | Free Trade Agreement |
| GATT | General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade |
| GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
| GERD | Gross Domestic Expenditure on R&D |
| GHG | Greenhouse gas |
| GIS | Geographic Information System |
| GNI | Gross National Income |
| GSSE | General Services Support Estimate |
| HPAI | Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza |
| ICT | Information and Communications Technology |
| IPCC | Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change |
| IPET | Korea Institute of Planning & Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
| IPR | Intellectual Property Rights |
| KCDC | Korea Centres for Disease Control & Prevention |
| KDC | Korean Dairy Committee |
| KECO | Korea Environment Corporate |
| KFS | Korea Forest Service |
| KFTC | Korea Fair Trade Commission |
| KISTEP | Korea Institute of Science & Technology Evaluation and Planning |
| KOPIA | Korea Project on International Agricultural |
| KOSTAT | Statistics Korea |
| KRC | Korea Rural Community Corporation |
| KREI | Korea Rural Economic Institute |
| KRW | South Korean Won |
| LMO | Living Modified Organism |
| MAFRA | Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs |
| ME | Ministry of Environment |
| MFDS | Ministry of Food and Drug Safety |
| MFN | Most Favored Nation |
| MOF | Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries |
| MoHW | Ministry of Health and Welfare |
| MOIS | Ministry of Interior and Security |
| MOLIT | Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport |
| MOSF | Ministry of Strategy and Finance |
| MOTIE | Ministry of Trade, Industry, and Energy |
| MPS | Market Price Support |
| MSIT | Ministry of Science and ICT |
| MSS | Ministry of SMEs and Startups |
| N | Nitrogen |
| NACF | National Agricultural Co-operative Federation |
| NAQS | National Agricultural Products Quality Management Service |
| NBLG | National Basic Livelihood Guarantee |
| NH | NongHyup |
| NHI | National Health Insurance |
| Nongshinbo | Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Credit Guarantee Fund |
| NP | National Pension |
| NRF | National Research Foundation of Korea |
| NSTC | National Science and Technology Council |
| NTIS | National Science & Technology Information Service |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development |
| P | Phosphorous |
| PACST | Presidential Advisory Council on Science & Technology |
| PPP | Polluter Pays Principle |
| PPPs | Public and Private Partnerships |
| PSE | Producer Support Estimate |
| R&D | Research and Development |
| RDA | Rural Development Administration |
| RPC | Rice Processing Complex |
| SARD | Special Account For Regional Development |
| SME | Small and Medium Sized Enterprises |
| SOC | Social Overhead Capital |
| STCA | Science and Technology Commission of Food, Agriculture, and Forestry |
| STRD | Special Tax for Rural Development |
| TFP | Total factor productivity |
| TMDL | Total Maximum Daily Load |
| TRQ | Tariff Rate Quotas |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNI-PASS | Korea Customs e-Clearing System |
| VAT | Value Added Tax |
| VOC | Volatile Organic Compounds |
| WEF | World Economic Forum |
| WTO | World Trade Organisation |