| ABC | Agricultural Bank of China |
| ACWF | All-China Women’s Federation |
| ADBC | Agricultural Development of China |
| ADB | Asian Development Bank |
| AIS | Agricultural Innovation System |
| APO | Asian Productivity Organization |
| ASEAN | Association of Southeast Asian Nations |
| ASTI | Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators |
| ATSE | Advanced Technology Service Enterprises |
| BHC | Benzene Hexachloride |
| BOC | Bank of China |
| BRICS | Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, South Africa |
| BRIICS | Brazil, Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, China, South Africa |
| CAS | Chinese Academy of Science |
| CAAS | Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science |
| CABI | Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International |
| CCB | China Construction Bank |
| CCCPC | Central Committee of the Communist Party of China |
| CFDA | Food and Drug Administration |
| CGIAR | Consultative group on international agricultural research |
| CIWRHR | China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research |
| CLGFE | Central Leading Group on Financial and Economic Affairs |
| CLGRW | Central Leading Group on Rural Work |
| CLPs | Children Living with their Parents |
| CO2 | Carbon Dioxide |
| CPC | Communist Party of China |
| CPC | Central Party Committee |
| CPI | Consumer Price Index |
| CRDF | China Rural Development Foundation |
| CNY | Chinese Yuan Renminbi |
| CYLC | Communist Youth League of China |
| DDT | Dichloro Diphenyl Trichloroethane |
| DTF | Distance to Frontier |
| DRC | Development Research Center of the State Council |
| EITL | Enterprise Income Tax Law |
| ESCAP | UN Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific |
| EU | European Union |
| EUR | Euro |
| FAO | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |
| FDI | Foreign Direct Investment |
| FIE | Foreign Invested Enterprise |
| FPC | Farmer Professional Cooperative |
| FTA | Free Trade Agreements |
| GERD | Gross expenditures in R&D |
| GDP | Gross Domestic Product |
| GHG | Greenhouse Gas |
| GMO | Genetically Modified Organisms |
| GSSE | General Service Support Estimate |
| GW | Gigawatts |
| HRS | Household Responsibility System |
| HTNE | High-New-Technology Enterprises |
| IAEA | International Atomic Energy Agency |
| IATP | Institute for Agriculture and Trade Policy |
| ICBC | Industrial and Commercial Bank of China |
| ICT | Information and Communication Technologies |
| IFAD | International Fund for Agricultural Development |
| IFC | International Finance Corporation |
| IFPRI | International Food Policy Research Institute |
| IFS | International Foundation for Science |
| IIED | International Institute for Environment and Development |
| IMF | International Monetary Fund |
| IPR | Intellectual Property Right |
| IRRI | International Rice Research Institute |
| ISIC | International Standard Industrial Classification |
| LBC | Left-Behind Child |
| LSC | Land Shareholding Co-operative |
| LTSC | Land Transfer Service Center |
| MCA | Ministry of Civil Affairs |
| MCC | Micro-credit Companies |
| MEP | Ministry of Environmental Protection |
| MFN | Most favoured Nation |
| MHURC | Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Construction |
| MHRSS | Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security |
| MIIT | Ministry of Industry and Information Technology |
| MLR | Ministry of Land and Resources |
| MPP | Minimum Purchase Price |
| MOA | Ministry of Agriculture |
| MOC | Ministry of Communications |
| MOE | Ministry of Education |
| MOF | Ministry of Finance |
| MOFCOM | Ministry of Commerce |
| MOH | Ministry of Health |
| MOST | Ministry of Science and Technology |
| MOT | Ministry of Transport |
| MPS | Market price support |
| MRAs | Mutual Recognition Agreements |
| MWR | Ministry of Water Resources |
| NASTP | National Agricultural Science and Technology Park |
| NBSC | National Bureau of Statistics of China |
| NCSTE | National Centre for Science and Technology Evaluation |
| NCMS | New Cooperative Medical System |
| NDRC | National Development and Reform Commission |
| NIWA | Nanjing Institute for Water Resources and Hydrology |
| NPC | National People’s Congress |
| NPSP | Non-Point Source Pollution |
| NRCMS | New Rural Co-operative Medical Scheme |
| OECD | Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development |
| OLIS | OECD’s Committee Information Service |
| PAES | Public Agricultural Extension System |
| PBC | People’s Bank of China |
| PCT | Patent Co-operation Treaty |
| PIN | Production Index Number |
| PISA | Programme for International Student Assessment |
| PMR | Product Market Regulation |
| PPP | Purchasing Power Parity |
| PPP | Public-Private Partnership |
| PPIC | Plant Protection International Consortium |
| PSBC | Postal Savings Bank of China |
| PSE | Producer Support Estimate |
| RCA | Revealed Comparative Advantage |
| RCBs | Rural Commercial Banks |
| RCCs | Rural Credit Cooperatives |
| RCoB | Rural Cooperative Banks |
| R&D | Research and Development |
| RIES | Rural Household Income and Expenditure Survey |
| RLLS | Rural Land and Labour Survey |
| SCLGPAD | State Council Leading Group of Poverty Alleviation and Development |
| SCPPH | Specialized Custom Plowers, Planters and Harvesters |
| SCT | Single Commodity Transfers |
| SDR | Special Drawing Right |
| SME | Small and Medium-sized Enterprise |
| SNWD | South to North Water Diversion |
| SOCB | State Owned Commercial Banks |
| SOE | State-Owned Enterprise |
| SPS | Sanitary and Phytosanitary |
| TFP | Total Factor Productivity |
| TPSP | Temporary Purchase and Storage Price |
| TRAINS | Trade Analysis Information System |
| TSE | Total Support Estimate |
| UN | United Nations |
| UNCTAD | United Nations Conference on Trade and Development |
| UNESCO | United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization |
| USD | United States Dollar |
| USDA | United States Department of Agriculture |
| VAT | Value Added Tax |
| VTB | Village and Township Banks |
| WEF | World Economic Forum |
| WTO | World Trade Organisation |
| WWF | World Wildlife Fund |