Considerations when Estimating Exposure to Crafts and Toys in Children

Children can be more vulnerable than adults to environmental hazards, such as those presented by chemicals, due to their physiological differences and unique behaviour. Risk assessment methodologies that specifically consider children are required to ensure that potential risks are addressed. The purpose of this document is to compile parameters and algorithms for estimating children’s exposure to crafts and toys via the dermal, inhalation, and oral routes, with a focus on published guidance or approaches used by regulatory bodies. Key sources of information include publications and guidance from various international regulatory agencies, as well as peer-reviewed studies and reviews of parameters and algorithms for exposure to children’s crafts and toys. Examples of parameters, including considerations for selecting appropriate age groups, and algorithms are provided in detail for each product category and route (dermal, inhalation, and oral).