OECD Competition Trends 2023

Annex A. Sources of CompStats

In 2018, under the guidance of the Bureau of the Competition Committee, the OECD Secretariat launched an initiative to develop a database of general statistics relating to competition agencies, including data on enforcement and information on advocacy initiatives.

Some statistics related to competition authorities’ activities are already publicly available. However, this information is often dispersed, lacks consistency across time and jurisdictions, and is currently not used systematically to identify overall trends from which to draw policy lessons. This initiative fills this gap.

The OECD Secretariat collects data annually from: (i) competition authorities in OECD countries; (ii) authorities in non-OECD jurisdictions that are Participants or Associates in the OECD Competition Committee; and (iii) agencies in jurisdictions that are neither OECD member nor a participant or associate in the OECD Competition Committee but have expressed an interest to join the database.

Jurisdictions

The OECD CompStats database currently covers data from competition agencies in 79 jurisdictions, of which 38 jurisdictions are OECD countries (including the European Commission).1

There are four geographic regions used in the analysis: Americas, Asia-Pacific, Europe, and Middle East and Africa (MEA). The 79 jurisdictions in the OECD CompStats database are allocated to these geographic regions as follows (jurisdictions with an asterisk (*) are considered as OECD members for the data analysis):

• Americas (18): Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Canada*, Chile*, Colombia*, Costa Rica*, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico*, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, United States*, and Uruguay.

• Asia-Pacific (17): Australia*, Bangladesh, Brunei Darussalam, Chinese Taipei, Hong Kong (China), India, Indonesia, Japan*, Kazakhstan, Korea*, Malaysia, New Zealand*, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Uzbekistan, and Viet Nam.

• Europe (34): Albania*, Austria, Belgium*, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic*, Denmark*, European Commission*, Estonia, Finland*, France*, Germany*, Greece*, Hungary*, Iceland*, Ireland*, Italy*, Latvia*, Lithuania*, Luxembourg*, Malta, Montenegro, the Netherlands*, Norway*, Poland*, Portugal*, Romania, the Slovak Republic*, Slovenia*, Spain*, Sweden*, Switzerland*, Ukraine, and the United Kingdom*.

• MEA (10): Botswana, COMESA, Egypt, Israel*, Kenya, Mauritius, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Tunisia, and the Republic of Türkiye*.

Period

The OECD CompStats database contains seven years of annual data for the period 2015 to 2021.

Data

The following areas are currently covered in OECD CompStats database. There are 34 variables in total.

1. General information

• Budget

• Number of staff

• Number of competition staff

2. Cartels and other anticompetitive agreements

• Number of decisions

• Number of decisions per industry

• Number of decisions related to bid-rigging

• Number of decisions on vertical agreements

• Number of cases with settlements or plea bargain

• Number of cases with negotiated/consensual procedure for settling cases

• Number of leniency applications

• Number of ex-officio investigations launched

• Number of cases that used a dawn raid

• Total amount of fines imposed

• Number of companies fined

• Number of cases with fines on individual

• Number of cases with imprisonment of individual

3. Abuse of dominance/unilateral conduct

• Number of decisions

• Number of decisions per industry

• Number of cases with settlements or plea bargain

• Number of cases with negotiated/consensual procedure for settling cases

• Number of investigations launched

• Number of cases that used a dawn raid

• Total amount of fines imposed

• Number of companies fined

4. Mergers and acquisitions

• Number of notifications

• Number of Phase One (or single phase) clearances

• Number of Phase One (or single phase) clearances with remedies

• Number of Phase Two clearances (after an in-depth investigation)

• Number of Phase Two clearances with remedies

• Number of Phase Two prohibitions (or trials)

• Number of withdrawn notifications by merging parties in Phase Two

5. Advocacy

• Number of market studies

• Number of formal advocacy opinions issued to governments, regulators, legislators

• Number of advocacy events organised

6. Additional public data

In order to enrich the database and allow for better and in-depth analysis, the Secretariat has added the following variables to the database:

• Gross domestic product (GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity) data from the World Bank development indicators database. For some countries (Japan and Chinese Taipei), GDP data is from the International Monetary Fund (GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity).

• Population data from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2019

• Year of implementation of competition law

• Year of establishment of competition agency

• Year of adoption of merger control

• Characteristics of merger control regimes in CompStats (mandatory vs. voluntary merger notification, filing-fee requirements, selected criteria for establishing merger-notification threshold, use of simplified merger regime, and one‑phase vs. two‑phase approaches)

Competition Authorities in the OECD CompStats Database

The following competition authorities contributed with the information for the OECD CompStats Database.

Table  A A.1.  Competition Authorities in the OECD CompStats Database

Jurisdiction	Competition authority (name in English)
Albania	Competition Authority of Albania
Argentina	National Antitrust Commission
Australia	Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
Austria	The Federal Competition Authority
Bangladesh	Bangladesh Competition Commission
Barbados	The Barbados Fair Trading Commission
Belgium	Belgian Competition Authority
Botswana	Competition and Consumer Authority
Brazil	Administrative Council for Economic Defence
Brunei Darussalam	Competition Commission Brunei Darussalam Department of Competition and Consumer Affairs (DCCA) – Department of Economic Planning and Statistics – Ministry of Finance and Economy
Bulgaria	Commission on Protection of Competition
Canada	The Competition Bureau Canada
Chile	National Economic Prosecutor Tribunal for the Defense of Free Competition
Chinese Taipei	The Fair Trade Commission of Chinese Taipei
Colombia	Superintendence of Industry and Commerce
COMESA	COMESA Competition Commission
Costa Rica	Commission for the Promotion of Competition Costa Rica Telecommunications Superintendency
Croatia	Croatian Competition Agency
Czech Republic	Office for the Protection of Competition
Denmark	Danish Competition and Consumer Authority
Dominican Republic	National Commission for the Defence of Competition of the Dominican Republic
Ecuador	Superintendency for Control of Market Power
Egypt	Egyptian Competition Authority
El Salvador	Superintendency of Competition
Estonia	The Estonian Competition Authority
European Commission	European Commission Directorate‑General for Competition
Finland	Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority
France	French Competition Authority
Germany	Federal Cartel Office
Greece	Hellenic Competition Commission
Hong Kong, China	Competition Commission (Hong Kong)
Hungary	Hungarian Competition Authority
Iceland	Icelandic Competition Authority
India	the Competition Commission of India
Indonesia	Indonesia Competition Commission
Ireland	Competition and Consumer Protection Commission
Israel	Israel Competition Authority
Italy	Italian Competition Authority
Japan	Japan Fair Trade Commission
Kazakhstan	Agency for the Protection and Development of Competition
Kenya	Competition Authority of Kenya
Korea	Korea Fair Trade Commission
Latvia	Competition Council of the Republic of Latvia
Lithuania	Competition Council of the Republic of Lithuania
Luxembourg	Competition Council
Malaysia	Malaysia Competition Commission
Malta	Malta Competition and Consumer Affairs Authority – The Office for Competition
Mauritius	Competition Commission of Mauritius
Mexico	Federal Economic Competition Commission Federal Institute of Telecommunications
Montenegro	Agency for Protection of Competition
Netherlands	Authority for Consumers and Markets
New Zealand	New Zealand Commerce Commission
Nicaragua	National Institute for the Promotion of Competition
Norway	Norwegian Competition Authority
Panama	Authority for Consumer Protection and Competition Defense
Paraguay	National Competition Commission
Peru	National Institute for the Defence of Free Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property
Philippines	Philippine Competition Commission
Poland	Office of Competition and Consumer Protection
Portugal	Portuguese Competition Authority
Romania	Romanian Competition Council
Saudi Arabia	General Authority for Competition
Singapore	Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore
Slovak Republic	Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic
Slovenia	Slovenian Competition Protection Agency
South Africa	Competition Commission of South Africa
Spain	The Spanish National Commission of Markets and Competition
Sweden	Swedish Competition Authority
Switzerland	The Competition Commission
Thailand	Office of Trade Competition Commission
Trinidad and Tobago	Trinidad and Tobago Fair Trading Commission
Tunisia	Competition Council of Tunisia
Türkiye	Turkish Competition Authority
Ukraine	Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine
United Kingdom	Competition and Markets Authority
United States	Department of Justice Antitrust Division Federal Trade Commission Bureau of Competition
Uruguay	Commission for the Promotion and Defense of Competition
Uzbekistan	Anti-monopoly committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan
Viet Nam	Vietnam Competition and Consumer Authority

Note

← 1. The Commission of the European Union (EU) takes part in the work of the OECD, in accordance with the Supplementary Protocol to the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.