Individual Learning Accounts

Annex B. Detailed Information on the Case Studies

Table A B.1. Compte Personnel de Formation, FRA

Period of implementation	2015 – to date
Type of scheme	Individual learning account
Eligibility	Individuals in the labour force
Financing	Self-employed contribute 0.2% of turnover to a training fund; employers pay a training levy equivalent to 0.2% of gross wages; until December 2018, training funds (also financed by the training levy) could complement funding of training undertaken by employees via the CPF; Pôle Emploi and the regions can complement funding for training undertaken by jobseekers.
Amount available	Individuals with education level of ISCED level 3 and above: until December 2018, 24h per year for 5 years and then 12 h per year capped at 150 hours; since January 2019, EUR 500 per year capped at EUR 5000 to pay for training fees. Individuals with initial education level below ISCED level 3 (i.e. level 1 and 2): until December 2018, 48h per year with a ceiling of 400h; since January 2019, EUR 800 per year up to EUR 8000.
Specific requirements on type of training	Registered certifications (Répertoire national des certifications professionnelles, RNCP) or, until December 2018, inventaire, Certificat de qualification professionnelle (CQP), or training programmes financed by Pôle Emploi or AGEFIP, or, since January 2019, répertoire spécifique; skill assessments (bilan de compétences), actions for skill recognition, driving licenses, training for business creation.
Number of participants	627 205 in 2018 or 2.1% of the labour force

Source: OECD Secretariat and CDC SI-CPF.

Table A B.2. Bildungskonto, Upper Austria, AUT

Period of implementation	1994 – to date
Type of scheme	Individual subsidy for training
Eligibility	Individuals in the labour force (especially those with medium-level education) and women returning from childcare leave
Financing	Regional government
Amount available	Basic support from regional government: 30% of training fees up to EUR 2000 (EUR 1000 for language courses); Higher support: 60% up to EUR 2400 for child-care returners, German language for integration, employees above 50 with low income, persons with no more than compulsory education, low educated preparing apprenticeship, persons with at most compulsory education completed
Specific requirements on type of training	Formal or non-formal vocationally oriented programmes, mainly at medium-skill level and preferably delivering medium-level formal vocational certificates or second-chance certificates for access to higher education; leisure courses and basic driving licence courses excluded.
Numbers of participants	14558 participants in 2017 (source:) or 1.9% of the labour force

Source: OECD Secretariat and Land OOE Bildungskonto.

Table A B.3. Individual Training Accounts, USA

Period of implementation	2000 - to date
Type of scheme	Voucher scheme
Eligibility	Participants to the Adult and Dislocated Workers WIOA programmes,
Financing	Federal government under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act (WIOA) since 2014, and the Workforce Investment Act (WIA) previously
Amount available	USD 3500-7000 in Washington state, USD 6000-10000 in Michigan for training fees, books and supplies
Specific requirements on type of training	Training must help to become employed or re-employed and must be related to in-demand occupations, determined by the local Workforce Investment Boards
Numbers of participants	1251 in Washington State and 2876 in Michigan in 2016-17 representing 0.6% and 1.2% of the unemployed respectively.

Source: OECD Secretariat and Workforce Investment Standard Record Data and WIOA Participant Individual Record Layout.

Table A B.4. Carta ILA, Tuscany, ITA

Period of implementation	2004 - 2015
Type of scheme	Quasi-voucher
Eligibility	Jobseekers and specific population groups
Financing	Regional government, European Social Fund
Amount available	EUR 500-2500 for training fees, teaching material, associated travelling, food and housing (ESF); Tuscany region funding for guidance and counselling
Specific requirements on type of training	All types of training including informal training in 2004-2007; training listed on a regional list of approved programmes in 2008-2015
Numbers of participants	3042 in total over 2006-2008; 1499 in Pistoia, 153 in Arezzo, and 45 in Prato in 2014

Source: OECD Secretariat.

Table A B.5. Individual learning/training accounts, Scotland, GBR

Period of implementation	2004 - September 2017 for the ILA, October 2017 – to date for the ITA
Type of scheme	Voucher scheme
Eligibility	Individuals in the labour force with income below a threshold close to the average wage
Financing	Scottish government
Amount available	GBP 200 per year for training fees
Specific requirements on type of training	ITA Training programmes must deliver a qualification or certification and link to one of the 13 curriculum areas approved through the Scottish Labour Market Strategy
Numbers of participants	20222 in 2017-18 or 0.8% of the labour force

Source: OECD Secretariat and Skills Development Scotland.

Table A B.6. SkillsFuture Credit, Singapore

Period of implementation	2016 - to date
Type of scheme	Lifetime voucher
Eligibility	All citizens aged 25 and above
Financing	General government
Amount available	SGD 500 ; possibility of future top ups
Specific requirements on type of training	No explicit requirement of labour market relevance; programmes approved by SkillsFuture Singapore
Numbers of participants	431000 over 2016-2018 and 146000 in 2018 or respectively 12% and 4% of the labour force

Source: OECD Secretariat and SSG.