This report is the fifth edition in the series of Missing Entrepreneurs reports produced through an ongoing collaboration on inclusive entrepreneurship policies between the Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs, Regions and Cities (CFE) of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) led by Lamia Kamal-Chaoui, Director, and the Directorate General for Employment, Social Affairs and Inclusion (DG EMPL) of the European Commission, led by Joost Korte, Director-General.
This report is part of the programme of work of the OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme within the CFE, led by Karen Maguire, acting Head of the Local Employment, Skills and Social Innovation Division. It was approved by the Local Economic and Employment Development Committee in November 2019.
The report was prepared by David Halabisky, Economist, under the direction of Jonathan Potter, Head of the OECD CFE Entrepreneurship Policy and Analysis Unit. Contributions were made by Cynthia Lavison of the Entrepreneurship Policy and Analysis Unit, as well as Sebastian Ptok, Susanne Schlepphorst and Friederike Welter of IfM Bonn, Karl Wennberg of Linköping University, and Michel Elmoznino Laufer of the Stockholm School of Economics. Research assistance was provided by Victor Backer Gonzalez of the Entrepreneurship Policy and Analysis Unit.
The report benefited from comments and inputs from the European Commission under the direction of Manuela Geleng, Director Skills, DG EMPL. Key contributions were made by Guy Lejeune, Senior Expert - Inclusive Entrepreneurship, and Michael Horgan, Policy Officer - Skills and Qualifications. Additional comments and inputs were received from Luca Barani, Carola Bouton and Kathrin Riedler of DG EMPL, Lucyna Kaminska, Dana Adriana Puia Morel and Agnieszka Wojdyr of the Directorate-General for Internal Market, Industry, Entrepreneurship and SMEs (DG GROW) and Annika Ostergren of the Directorate-General for Communication Networks, Content and Technology (DG CNECT).
Additional comments and suggestions were received from Joaquim Oliveira Martins, Deputy Director of the CFE, Karen Maguire, acting Head of the Local Employment, Skills and Social Innovation Division of the CFE and Lucia Cusmano, acting Head of the SME and Entrepreneurship Division of the CFE. Comments and inputs were also received from Nadim Ahmad and Gueram Sargsyan of the OECD Statistics and Data Directorate and Yves Breem of the OECD Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs.
Key data contributions were received from Jonathan Levie of the Global Entrepreneurship Research Association.
The country profiles in Part III of this report were based on a set of Country Assessment Notes that were prepared for each EU Member State by a network of national inclusive entrepreneurship policy experts: Austria (Eva Heckl and Karin Petzlberger, Austrian Institute for SME Research), Belgium (Kleitia Zeqo, IDEA Consult), Bulgaria (Kiril Todorov, University of National and World Economy in Bulgaria), Croatia (Slavica Singer, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University in Osijek), Cyprus (Panikkos Poutziouris and Panayiotis Kontakos, University of Central Lancashire, Cyprus), Czech Republic (Lucie Bučinová, Regio-Partner), Denmark (Annemarie Jepsen), Estonia (Marina Kaas, Serioso Ltd.), Finland (Jarna Heinonen, Turku School of Economics), France (Nadine Levratto, University Paris Nanterre), Germany (Rolf Sternberg, Leibniz Universität Hannover), Greece (Dimitris Karantinos, EKKE - National Centre of Social Research), Hungary (Petra Reszkető, Budapest Institute), Ireland (Thomas Cooney, Dublin Institute of Technology), Italy (Sergio Destefanis, University of Salerno), Latvia (Arnis Sauka, Stockholm School of Economics in Riga), Lithuania (Boguslavas Gruzevskis, Labor Market Research Institute), Luxembourg (Patrick Thill, Luxembourg Institute of Socio-Economic Research), Malta (Leonie Baldacchino, University of Malta), Netherlands (Jacqueline Snijders and Amber van der Graaf, Panteia), Poland (Krzysztof Wach, Cracow University of Economics), Portugal (Anabela Dinis, Universidade da Beira Interior), Romania (Catalin Ghinararu, National Scientific Research Institute), Slovak Republic (Anna Pilkova, Comenius University in Bratislava), Slovenia (Karin Sirec, University of Maribor), Spain (Francisco Liñán, University of Seville), Sweden (Carin Holmquist, Stockholm School of Economics), United Kingdom (Robert Blackburn, Hang Do and Eva Kasperova, Kingston University). These Country Assessment Notes benefited from feedback and inputs from relevant national ministries and key stakeholders in each Member State.
Finally, this report would not have been possible without administrative support from Sarah Zaft, publication support from Pilar Philip and François Iglesias, and communications support from Alexandra Taylor and Pauline Arbel, all of the OECD CFE.