Basic statistics of Brazil
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Population and electoral cycle |
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Population (million) |
209.5 |
Population density per km² |
25.1 |
(37.8) |
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Under 15 (%) |
21.3 |
(17.8) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2017) |
75.5 |
(80.1) |
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Over 65 (%) |
8.9 |
(17.1) |
Men |
71.8 |
(77.5) |
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International migrant stock (% of population) |
0.3 |
(10.1) |
Women |
79.2 |
(82.9) |
|
Latest 5-year population growth (%) |
0.8 |
(0.6) |
Latest general elections |
Oct-2018 |
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Economy |
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Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value-added shares of GDP (%) |
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In current prices (billion BRL) |
6 889.2 |
Agriculture, forestry, and fishing |
5.1 |
(2.4) |
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In current prices (billion USD) |
1 895.6 |
Industry including construction |
21.6 |
(27.3) |
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Latest 5-year average GDP growth (%) |
-0.8 |
(2.3) |
Services |
73.3 |
(70.4) |
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Per capita (000 USD PPP) |
16.2 |
(47.0) |
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General government |
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Revenue (% of GDP) |
31.3 |
(38.2) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2017) |
86.2 |
(109.5) |
|
Expenditure (% of GDP) |
38.5 |
(41.2) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2017) |
54.2 |
(69.4) |
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External accounts |
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Exchange rate (BRL per USD) |
3.63 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
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Value in USD of BRL 1 million |
273 673 |
Crude materials, inedible, except fuels |
30.6 |
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PPP exchange rate (USA =1) |
2.03 |
Food and live animals |
18.3 |
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In % of GDP |
Machinery and transport equipment |
16.9 |
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Exports of goods & services |
14.9 |
(55.5) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
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Imports of goods & services |
14.5 |
(51.3) |
Machinery and transport equipment |
36.6 |
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|
Current account balance |
-1.2 |
(0.3) |
Chemicals and related products |
24.1 |
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Net international investment position |
-32.6 |
Mineral fuels, lubricants and related materials |
14.4 |
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Labour market, skills and innovation |
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Employment rate (aged 14 and over, %) |
54.6 |
(57.1) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 14 and over, %) |
12.0 |
(5.3) |
|
Men |
64.3 |
(65.3) |
Youth (aged 14-29, %) |
22.3 |
(11.1) |
|
Women |
45.6 |
(49.4) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %) |
5.1 |
(1.5) |
|
Participation rate (aged 14 and over, %) |
62.0 |
(60.5) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, % 2017, OECD: 2018) |
17.2 |
(36.9) |
|
Mean weekly hours worked |
62.0 |
(60.5) |
Gross domestic expenditure on Research & Development (% of GDP, 2016, OECD: 2017) |
1.3 |
(2.6) |
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Society |
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Education outcomes (PISA score) |
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
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|
Reading |
413 |
(489) |
Health care (2016, OECD: 2018) |
9.2 |
(8.8) |
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Mathematics |
384 |
(492) |
Pensions (public, OECD: 2015) |
13.1 |
(7.9) |
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Science |
404 |
(491) |
Education (public, 2017) |
6.1 |
(4.5) |
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Income inequality (Gini coefficient, OECD: 2016) |
0.54 |
(0.31) |
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Relative poverty rate (%, OECD: 2016) |
24.2 |
(11.6) |
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Median disposable household income (000 USD PPP, OECD: 2016) |
4.8 |
(23.6) |
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Note: Statistics updated of 2018 unless stated otherwise. Values in parentheses are OECD averages. PISA: Programme for International Student Assessment.
Source: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organization, International Monetary Fund, World Bank.