| AIDS | Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome |
| AMR | Antimicrobial resistance |
| ASK | Alcohol Yakubutu Mondai Zenkoku Shimin Kyokai (Non-profit organisation to prevent alcohol and drug problems, and other addictions) |
| BMI | Body Mass Index |
| CAN | Dutch Club of Active Non-Smokers |
| COPD | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
| CT | Computed tomography |
| CVD | Cerebrovascular disease |
| DBH | Disaster base hospitals |
| DDD | Daily dose per day |
| DHEAT | Disaster Health Emergency Assistance Team |
| DMAT | Disaster Medical Assistance Team |
| DTP | Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis |
| EHI | Employee’s Health Insurance |
| EMIS | Emergency Medical Information System |
| ENDS | Electronic nicotine delivery systems |
| EU | European Union |
| FCTC | WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control |
| FOBT | Faecal occult blood test |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GEJE | Great East Japan Earthquake |
| GHSA | Global Health Security Agenda |
| GP | General practitioner |
| GPHIN | Canada’s Global Public Health Intelligence Network |
| H1N1 | H1N1 Flu Virus (Swine Flu) |
| HGPI | The Health and Global Policy Institute |
| HIV | Human immunodeficiency virus |
| HJ21 | Health Japan 21 |
| HPM | Health and Productivity Management |
| HPV | Human Papillomavirus |
| IARC | International Agency for Research on Cancer |
| JANIS | Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance |
| JASSO | Japan Society for the Study of Obesity |
| JMA | Japan Medical Association |
| JMAT | Japan Medical Association Teams |
| JPX | Japan Exchange Group |
| JPY | Japanese Yen |
| LUKEX | Germany’s National Strategic Crisis Management Exercise |
| MAFF | Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries |
| MCM | Medical countermeasures |
| METI | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry |
| MEXT | Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology |
| MHLW | Ministry of Health, Labour Welfare |
| MITI | Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| NCD | Non-communicable disease |
| NESID | National Epidemiological Surveillance of Infectious Diseases |
| NGO | Non-governmental organisation |
| NHS | United Kingdom National Health Service |
| NICE | National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (United Kingdom) |
| NIPH | National Institute of Public Health |
| NLST | United States National Lung Screening Trial |
| NRA | United Kingdom National Risk Assessment |
| PE | Physical Education |
| PHEIC | Public Health Emergency of International Concern |
| PM | particulate matter |
| PRSP | Penicillin resistance Streptococcus Pneumoniae |
| PSA | Prostate-specific antigen |
| SALAR | Swedish Association of Local Authorities and Regions |
| SARS | Severe acute respiratory syndrome |
| SES | Socio-economic status |
| TB | Tuberculosis |
| TNM | Tumour node metastasis |
| TSE | Tokyo Stock Exchange |
| UN | United Nations |
| UPI | Unique patient identifier |
| WHO | World Health Organization |
OECD Reviews of Public Health: Japan
A Healthier Tomorrow
