Basic statistics of the United Kingdom, 2025
Copy link to Basic statistics of the United Kingdom, 2025(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)
|
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million, 2024) |
69.2 |
Population density per km² (2024) |
286.1 |
(39.6) |
|
|
Under 15 (%, 2024) |
17.2 |
(16.7) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2023) |
81.0 |
(81.2) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2024) |
19.5 |
(18.6) |
Men (2023) |
79.0 |
(78.6) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2024) |
17.1 |
(15.7) |
Women (2023) |
82.9 |
(83.8) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
0.8 |
(0.5) |
Latest general election |
July 2024 |
|
|
ECONOMY |
|||||
|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%, 2024) |
||||
|
In current prices (billion USD) |
4 003.8 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
0.7 |
(2.5) |
|
|
In current prices (billion GBP) |
3 036.9 |
Industry including construction |
18.3 |
(25.7) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
3.2 |
(3.0) |
Services |
81.0 |
(71.8) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP)² |
65.3 |
(64.9) |
|||
|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT |
|||||
|
Expenditure (OECD: 2024) |
46.1 |
(42.6) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2024) |
102.3 |
(109.5) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2024) |
40.6 |
(37.8) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2024) |
75.7 |
(65.8) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
|||||
|
Exchange rate (GBP per USD) |
0.76 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) ³ |
|
||
|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.67 |
Machinery and electronics |
25.2 |
|
|
|
In per cent of GDP |
Stone, glass and precious materials |
19.5 |
|
||
|
Exports of goods and services |
30.6 |
(29.9) |
Transportation |
10.9 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
31.9 |
(29.7) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) ³ |
||
|
Current account balance |
-2.4 |
(-0.4) |
Machinery and electronics |
20.2 |
|
|
Net international investment position |
-6.7 |
Stone, glass and precious materials |
19.8 |
||
|
Transportation |
11.5 |
||||
|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
|||||
|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
60.7 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
4.8 |
(4.9) |
|
Men (OECD: 2024) |
64.2 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %, OECD: 2024) |
15.0 |
(11.1) |
|
Women (OECD: 2024) |
57.4 |
(51.0) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
1.0 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
63.8 |
(61.0) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2024) |
53.8 |
(41.8) |
|
Average hours worked per year |
1,533 |
(1 736) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2023, OECD:2024) |
2.8 |
(2.7) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
|||||
|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2024) |
2.1 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2024) |
4.1 |
(7.5) |
|
Renewables (%, 2024) |
15.3 |
(13.1) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2014) |
0.1 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
51.0 |
(56.5) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2023, OECD: 2024) |
0.4 |
(0.5) |
|
SOCIETY |
|||||
|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2023, OECD: latest available) |
0.367 |
(0.316) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
||
|
Relative poverty rate (%, 2023, OECD: 2022) |
12.6 |
(11.4) |
Reading |
494 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2023, OECD: 2022) |
31.7 |
(32.5) |
Mathematics |
489 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
500 |
(485) |
||
|
Health care (2024) |
11.1 |
(9.3) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2024) |
40.5 |
(33.3) |
|
Pensions (2022, OECD: 2021) |
8.0 |
(9.9) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (total spending, 2020) |
6.3 |
(5.1) |
|
||
Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
1. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
2. Based on HS2 classification and labelling from the World Bank, World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS).
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.