Basic statistics of Japan, 2025
Copy link to Basic statistics of Japan, 2025(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)1
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LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million, 2024) |
124.0 |
|
Population density per km² (2024) |
340.1 |
(39.6) |
|
Under 15 (%, 2024) |
11.4 |
(16.7) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2023) |
84.1 |
(81.2) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2024) |
29.8 |
(18.6) |
Men (2023) |
81.1 |
(78.6) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population, 2024) |
2.8 |
(15.7) |
Women (2023) |
87.1 |
(83.8) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
-0.4 |
(0.5) |
Latest general election |
October 2024 |
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ECONOMY |
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|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
|
Value added shares (%, 2023, OECD: 2024) |
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|
In current prices (billion USD) |
4 437.9 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
0.9 |
(2.6) |
|
|
In current prices (trillion YEN) |
663.8 |
Industry including construction |
28.8 |
(26.0) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
1.3 |
(3.0) |
Services |
70.3 |
(71.4) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP, 2024)2 |
54.2 |
(62.3) |
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GENERAL GOVERNMENT |
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|
Expenditure (2024) |
38.4 |
(42.7) |
Gross financial debt (2024) |
205.6 |
(112.5) |
|
Revenue (2024) |
36.7 |
(37.9) |
Net financial debt (2024) |
86.4 |
(65.8) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Exchange rate (YEN per USD) |
149.56 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
|
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|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
95.00 |
Machinery and electronics |
32.1 |
|
|
|
In per cent of GDP |
Transportation |
22.0 |
|
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|
Exports of goods and services |
21.7 |
(29.9) |
Miscellaneous |
15.4 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
22.2 |
(29.7) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
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|
Current account balance |
4.8 |
(-0.4) |
Machinery and electronics |
26.1 |
|
|
Net international investment position |
83.0 |
Fuels |
19.6 |
|
|
|
|
Chemicals |
9.4 |
|
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LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
62.2 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
2.5 |
(4.9) |
|
Men |
69.8 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
3.8 |
(11.1) |
|
Women |
55.1 |
(51.0) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2024) |
0.8 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %, OECD: 2024) |
63.8 |
(61.0) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2024) |
57.0 |
(41.8) |
|
Average hours worked per year (OECD: 2024) |
1 788 |
(1 736) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2024) |
3.6 |
(2.7) |
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ENVIRONMENT |
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|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2024) |
3.0 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2024) |
7.3 |
(7.5) |
|
Renewables (%, 2024) |
8.2 |
(13.1) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2019) |
0.6 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
95.0 |
(56.5) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2023, OECD: 2024) |
0.3 |
(0.5) |
|
SOCIETY |
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|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2021, OECD: latest available) |
0.338 |
(0.317) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
|
|
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Relative poverty rate (%, 2021, OECD: 2022) |
15.4 |
(11.5) |
Reading |
516 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2021, OECD: 2022) |
23.0 |
(31.9) |
Mathematics |
536 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
547 |
(485) |
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Health care (2024) |
10.6 |
(9.3) |
Share of women in parliament (%, 2024) |
15.7 |
(33.3) |
|
Pensions (2022, OECD: 2021) |
9.7 |
(9.9) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2024) |
0.4 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (total spending, 2020) |
4.1 |
(5.1) |
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Note: 1. The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries. 2. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.