Basic statistics of Germany, 2024
Copy link to Basic statistics of Germany, 2024(Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average)
|
LAND, PEOPLE AND ELECTORAL CYCLE |
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|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Population (million, 2023) |
83.3 |
Population density per km² (2023) |
238.4 |
(39.2) |
|
|
Under 15 (%, 2023) |
13.9 |
(16.9) |
Life expectancy at birth (years, 2022) |
80.7 |
(80.6) |
|
Over 65 (%, 2023) |
22.8 |
(18.2) |
Men (2022) |
78.3 |
(78.0) |
|
International migrant stock (% of population) |
19.8 |
(15.7) |
Women (2022) |
83.0 |
(83.2) |
|
Latest 5-year average growth (%) |
0.1 |
(0.4) |
Latest general election |
February 2025 |
|
|
ECONOMY |
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|
Gross domestic product (GDP) |
Value added shares (%, 2023) |
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|
In current prices (billion USD) |
4 659.7 |
Agriculture, forestry and fishing |
0.9 |
(2.7) |
|
|
In current prices (billion EUR) |
4 307.9 |
Industry including construction |
29.4 |
(27.1) |
|
|
Latest 5-year average real growth (%) |
0.0 |
(1.7) |
Services |
69.7 |
(70.2) |
|
Per capita (thousand USD PPP, 2023)1 |
69.2 |
(59.0) |
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|
GENERAL GOVERNMENT (Per cent of GDP) |
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|
Expenditure (OECD: 2023) |
49.5 |
(42.4) |
Gross financial debt (OECD: 2023) |
63.2 |
(110.6) |
|
Revenue (OECD: 2023) |
46.7 |
(37.9) |
Net financial debt (OECD: 2023) |
25.8 |
(67.2) |
|
EXTERNAL ACCOUNTS |
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|
Exchange rate (EUR per USD) |
0.92 |
Main exports (% of total merchandise exports) |
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|
PPP exchange rate (USA = 1) |
0.73 |
Machinery and electronics |
26.9 |
||
|
In per cent of GDP |
Transportation |
19.5 |
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|
Exports of goods and services |
42.2 |
(30.5) |
Chemicals |
14.6 |
|
|
Imports of goods and services |
38.3 |
(30.2) |
Main imports (% of total merchandise imports) |
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|
Current account balance |
5.7 |
(-0.5) |
Machinery and electronics |
26.7 |
|
|
Net international investment position |
78.0 |
Chemicals |
12.6 |
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|
Transportation |
11.9 |
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|
LABOUR MARKET, SKILLS AND INNOVATION |
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|
Employment rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
59.7 |
(58.0) |
Unemployment rate, Labour Force Survey (aged 15 and over, %) |
3.4 |
(4.9) |
|
Men |
64.5 |
(65.4) |
Youth (aged 15-24, %) |
6.6 |
(11.1) |
|
Women |
55.1 |
(51.0) |
Long-term unemployed (1 year and over, %, 2023) |
0.9 |
(1.0) |
|
Participation rate (aged 15 and over, %) |
61.8 |
(61.0) |
Tertiary educational attainment (aged 25-64, %, 2023) |
33.4 |
(41.0) |
|
Average hours worked per year (OECD: 2023) |
1 332 |
(1 669) |
Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (% of GDP, 2022) |
3.1 |
(3.0) |
|
ENVIRONMENT |
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|
Total primary energy supply per capita (toe, 2023) |
2.9 |
(3.7) |
CO₂ emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes, 2023) |
6.5 |
(7.6) |
|
Renewables (%, 2023) |
19.6 |
(12.5) |
Water abstractions per capita (1 000 m³, 2019) |
0.2 |
|
|
Exposure to air pollution (more than 10 μg/m³ of PM 2.5, % of population, 2020) |
54.0 |
(56.5) |
Municipal waste per capita (tonnes, 2023) |
0.6 |
(0.6) |
|
SOCIETY |
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|
Income inequality (Gini coefficient, 2020, OECD: latest available) |
0.303 |
(0.316) |
Education outcomes (PISA 2022 score) |
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|
Relative poverty rate (%, 2020, OECD: 2022) |
11.6 |
(11.7) |
Reading |
480 |
(476) |
|
Median disposable household income (thousand USD PPP, 2020, OECD: 2021) |
36.2 |
(30.0) |
Mathematics |
475 |
(472) |
|
Public and private spending (% of GDP) |
Science |
492 |
(485) |
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|
Health care (2023) |
11.8 |
(9.2) |
Share of women in parliament (%) |
35.3 |
(33.3) |
|
Pensions (2021) |
11.6 |
(9.9) |
Net official development assistance (% of GNI, 2022) |
0.9 |
(0.4) |
|
Education (total spending, 2020) |
4.6 |
(5.1) |
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Note: The year is indicated in parenthesis if it deviates from the year in the main title of this table. Where the OECD aggregate is not provided in the source database, a simple OECD average of latest available data is calculated where data exist for at least 80% of member countries.
1. OECD aggregate refers to weighted average.
Source: Calculations based on data extracted from databases of the following organisations: OECD, International Energy Agency, International Labour Organisation, International Monetary Fund, United Nations, World Bank.