Multi‑dimensional Review of Viet Nam

Facts and figures of Viet Nam

 

People: Towards better lives for all
Population (millions)	95.5*		Life expectancy (years)	76.3**	(80.1)**
Under 15 (%)	23.1*	(17.9)*	Men	71.5**	(77.5)**
Over 65 (%)	7.1*	(16.8)*	Women	80.9**	(82.8)**
Urban population (% of total)	35.2*	(80.4)*	Current health expenditure (% of GDP)	5.7***	(12.4)***
Income inequality (Gini coefficient)	35.3**	(31.8)	Education outcomes: PISA 2015 score average of reading, math and science	502.3	(492)
Poorest / richest region GDP per capita	N/A	(2.8)	Government expenditure on education (% of GDP)	5.7(2013)	(5.2)**
Unemployment rate (% of total labour force, national estimate)	1.9*	(5.8)*	Labour force participation rate (% of total population aged 15-64)	83.3	(71.5)
Youth unemployment rate (% of total labour force aged 15-24, national estimate)	7.3*	(12.8)*	Men (% of male population aged 15-64)	87.2	(79.6)
Firms with female top manager (% of firms)	22.4***	(16.2)*	Women (% of female population aged 15-64)	79.4	(63.3)
Vulnerable employment, total (% of total employment)	54.6	(11.8)	Share of women in parliament (% of seats in national parliaments)	26.7	(29.7)
Prosperity: Boosting productivity
GDP in current billion USD	223.8*	(49 629.8)*	Share of GDP:
GDP growth (annual %)	6.8*	(2.4)*	Agriculture, forestry and fishing (%)	15.3*	(1.4)**
GDP per capita, PPP(constant 2011 international $)	6 171.9*	(39 589.2)*	Industry, including construction (%)	33.4*	(22.5)**
GDP per capita growth (annual %)	5.7*	(1.8)*	Services (%)	41.3*	(69.7)**
Exports of goods and services (% of GDP)	101.6*	(27.9)**	Research and development expenditure (% of GDP)	0.4***	(2.5)**
Imports of goods and services (% of GDP)	98.8*	(27.3)**	Fixed broadband subscriptions (per 100 people)	11.8*	(31.0)*
Net FDI inflows (% of GDP)	6.3*	(2.3)*	Current account balance (% of GDP)	2.5*	(1.9)*
Partnerships: Sustainably financing development
General government revenue (% of GDP)	23.8***	(40.1)***	General government total expenditure (% of GDP)	29.2***	(41.7)***
General government gross debt (% of GDP)	57.4***	(70.2)***	Domestic credit to private sector (% of GDP)	130.7*	(144.8)**
Tax revenue (% of GDP)	18.2***	(34.0)**	Total reserves (% of total external debt)	47.2*	-
Peace: Strengthening governance
Intentional homicides (per 100 000 population)	1.5 (2011)	(3.6)***	Corruption perceptions index1	33	68
% of population who feel safe walking alone at night	61	(71.4)*
Planet: Conserving nature
Land area (thousand sq. km)	310.1		Agricultural land (% of land area)	39.3**	(34.3)**
Forest area (% of land area)	48.1**	(31.4)**	Arable land (% of land area)	22.6**	(11.2)**
Total primary energy supply (TPES) per capita (toe)	0.87**	(4.1)**	CO2 emissions from fuel combustion per capita (tonnes)	2.0**	(9.0)**
Renewables (% of TPES)	26.19**	(10.17)**	Fine particulate matter concentration (PM2.5, g/m3), mean annual exposure	26.3**	(14.9)**
Renewables, excluding hydropower (% of total energy production)	0.16**	(11.31)**

Note: 1. Index ranges from 0 (highly corrupt) to 100 (very clean). Figures refer to 2018. Latest year available when other than 2018 or not explicitly mentioned is marked with: * for 2017, ** for 2016, *** for 2015. Numbers in parentheses refer to the OECD average or total OECD.

Source: Calculations based on data extracted from the databases of the following organisations: OECD (accessed 9 April 2019), Gallup World Poll, International Energy Agency (accessed 9 April 2019), Transparency International, World Bank (accessed 8 April 2019), International Monetary Fund, World Economic Outlook Database, October 2018 (accessed 9 April 2019), Revenue Statistics in Asia and Pacific Economies, and various national sources.