Measuring the Digital Transformation

Reader’s Guide

Acronyms

 

ADE	Automated data exchange
AI	Artificial intelligence
ANA	Annual National Accounts
API	Application Programming Interface
ASJC	All Science Journals Classification
ATUS	American Time Use Survey
B2B	Business to business
B2C	Business to consumer
BEA	United States Bureau of Economic Analysis
BERD	Business expenditure on research and development
BHPS	British Household Panel Survey
ccTLD	Country code top-level domain
CIPO	Canadian Intellectual Property Office
CO2	Carbon dioxide
CPC	Central Product Classification
CPI	Consumer price index
CPU	Central processing unit
CRM	Customer-relationship management
CSIRT	Computer Security Incidents Response Team
DOCSIS	Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification
DSL	Domain-specific language
DSTRI	Digital Services Trade Restrictiveness Index
EB	Exabyte
EBOPS	Extended Balance of Payments Services Classification
EDT	Enquête Emploi du Temps
EEA	European Economic Area
EPO	European Patent Office
ERP	Enterprise resource planning
ESS	European Social Survey
ETCB	Estonian Tax and Customs Board
EU	European Union
EUIPO	European Union Intellectual Property Office
EWCS	European Working Conditions Survey
FDI	Foreign Direct Investment
FDI RRI	Foreign Direct Investment Regulatory Restrictiveness Index
FERMA	Federation of European of Risk Management Associations
FTTB	Fibre-to-the-building
FTTH	Fibre-to-the-home
GB	Gigabyte
Gbps	Gigabits per second
GCI	Global Cybersecurity Index
GDP	Gross domestic product
GDPR	General Data Protection Regulation
GFCF	Gross fixed capital formation
GODI	Global Open Data Index
gTLD	Generic top-level domain
GVC	Global value chain
HBSC	Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Study
HTM	High-tech manufacturing
IaSD	Internet as a statistical data source
ICIO	Inter-Country Input-Output
ICT	Information and communication technology
IFR	International Federation of Robotics
ILO	International Labour Organization
ILPO	Israel Patent Office
IMF	International Monetary Fund
INAPI	National Institute for Industrial Property of Chile
IoT	Internet of Things
IP	Internet Protocol
IP5	Five largest intellectual property offices worldwide (EPO, JPO, KIPO, NIPA, USPTO)
IPC	International Patent Classification
ISCED	International Standard Classification of Education
IPv6	Internet Protocol version 6
ISCO	International Standard Classification of Occupations
ISIC	International Standard Industrial Classification
ISO	International Organization for Standardization
ISSA	International Survey of Scientific Authors
Istat	Italian Statistical Institute
IT	Information technology
ITU	International Telecommunication Union
JPO	Japan Patent Office
kbps	Kilobits per second
kg	Kilogramme
KIPO	Korean Intellectual Property Office
KIS	Knowledge-intensive service
M2M	Machine to machine
Mb	Megabyte
Mbps	Megabits per second
ML	Machine learning
MNE	Multinational enterprise
MOOC	Massive Online Open Course
MPI	Max Planck Institute
MSA	Metropolitan statistical area
NAICS	North American Industry Classification System
NFC	Near field communication
NGA	Next Generation Access
NIA	National Information Society Agency
NIPA	National Intellectual Property Administration of People’s Republic of China
nm	Nanometre
NPL	Non-patent literature
NSE	Natural sciences and engineering
NSO	National statistical office
NTI	National Treatment Instrument
O*NET	US Occupational Information Network
OER	Open Educational Resources
OGD	Open government data
OLI	Online Labour Index
OSS	Open source software
PIAAC	OECD Programme for the International Assessment of Adult Competencies
PISA	OECD Programme for International Student Assessment
PPM	Peer platform market
PPP	Purchasing power parity
R&D	Research and development
RFID	Radio-frequency identification
SaaS	Software as a service
SAT	Statistics Canada Survey of Advanced Technology
SCM	Supply chain management
SEEA	UN System of Environmental-Economic Accounting
SIM	Subscriber identity module
SME	Small and medium-sized enterprise
SOC	Standard Occupational Classification
SQL	Structured Query Language
STRI	Services Trade Restrictiveness Index
Tbps	Terabytes per second
TFI	Trade Facilitation Indicators
TiM	Trade in Employment
TiVA	Trade in Value Added
TLD	Top-level domain
TRAINS	Trade Analysis Information System
UIBM	Italian Patent and Trademark Office
UK IPO	United Kingdom Intellectual Property Office
UNCTAD	United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
UNSD	United Nations Statistics Division
UNU	United Nations University
USD	United States dollar
USPTO	United States Patent and Trademark Office
VC	Venture capital
VDSL	Very-high-bit-rate digital subscriber line
VR	Virtual reality
WBG	World Bank Group
WEEE	Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment
WIPO	World Intellectual Property Organization
WTO	World Trade Organization
ZB	Zettabyte

Abbreviations

For most of the charts, this publication uses ISO codes for countries or economies.

 

ARG	Argentina
AUS	Australia
AUT	Austria
BEL	Belgium
BGR	Bulgaria
BRA	Brazil
CAN	Canada
CHE	Switzerland
CHL	Chile
CHN	People’s Republic of China
COL	Colombia
CRI	Costa Rica
CYP	Cyprus
CZE	Czech Republic
DEU	Germany
DNK	Denmark
ESP	Spain
EST	Estonia
FIN	Finland
FRA	France
GBR	United Kingdom
GRC	Greece
HKG	Hong Kong, China
HRV	Croatia
HUN	Hungary
IDN	Indonesia
IND	India
IRL	Ireland
IRN	Iran
ISL	Iceland
ISR	Israel
ITA	Italy
JPN	Japan
KOR	Korea
LTU	Lithuania
LUX	Luxembourg
LVA	Latvia
MEX	Mexico
MLT	Malta
MYS	Malaysia
NLD	Netherlands
NOR	Norway
NZL	New Zealand
PHL	Philippines
POL	Poland
PRT	Portugal
ROU	Romania
RUS	Russian Federation
SAU	Saudi Arabia
SGP	Singapore
SVK	Slovak Republic
SVN	Slovenia
SWE	Sweden
TUR	Turkey
TWN	Chinese Taipei
UKR	Ukraine
USA	United States
ZAF	South Africa

Country groupings

 

BRIICS	Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa.
Euro area	Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia and Spain.
EU28	European Union
G7	Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States.
G20	Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, Korea, Turkey, the United Kingdom, the United States and the European Union.
OECD	Total OECD
ROW	Rest of the world
WLD	World