| BOD | Biochemical oxygen demand |
| CAP | Common Agricultural Policy |
| CBA | Cost-benefit analysis |
| CDW | Construction and demolition waste |
| CEI | Czech Environmental Inspectorate |
| CENIA | Czech Environmental Information Agency |
| CMCEK | Czech-Moravian Commodity Exchange in Kladno |
| CO2 eq | Carbon dioxide equivalent |
| COD | Chemical oxygen demand |
| CZSO | Czech Statistical Office |
| DMC | Domestic material consumption |
| EC | European Commission |
| EEA | European Environment Agency |
| EGSS | Environmental goods and services sector |
| EIA | Environmental impact assessment |
| EKO-KOM | Producer responsibility organisation |
| ELD | Environmental Liability Directive |
| ELV | End-of-life vehicle |
| EMAS | Eco-Management and Audit Scheme |
| EMS | Environmental management system |
| ETS | Emissions Trading System |
| EU | European Union |
| FUA | Functional urban area |
| GDP | Gross domestic product |
| GHG | Greenhouse gas |
| GPP | Green public procurement |
| IEA | International Energy Agency |
| IMPEL | European Union Network for the Implementation and Enforcement of Environmental Law |
| IPPC | Integrated pollution prevention and control |
| ISO | International Organization for Standardization |
| IUCN | International Union for Conservation of Nature |
| MIT | Ministry of Industry and Trade |
| MOA | Ministry of Agriculture |
| MoE | Ministry of the Environment |
| MOT | Ministry of Transport |
| MRD | Ministry for Regional Development |
| Mtoe | Million tonnes of oil equivalent |
| NBS | National Biodiversity Strategy |
| NGO | Non-government organisation |
| NH3 | Ammonia |
| NOx | Nitrogen oxides |
| PAYT | Pay as you throw |
| PM10 | Particulate matter smaller than 10 microns in diameter |
| PM2.5 | Particulate matter smaller than 2.5 microns in diameter |
| PPP | Purchasing power parity |
| R&D | Research and development |
| RBMP | River basin management plan |
| RIA | Regulatory impact assessment |
| SAO | Supreme Audit Office |
| SDG | Sustainable Development Goal |
| SEA | Strategic environmental assessment |
| SEF | State Environmental Fund |
| SEP | State Energy Policy |
| SMEs | Small and medium-sized enterprises |
| SMO CR | Union of Czech Towns and Municipalities |
| SMS CR | Association of Local Governments |
| SOx | Sulphur oxides |
| TACR | Technology Agency of the Czech Republic |
| TPES | Total primary energy supply |
| USD | United States dollar |
| WEEE | Waste electrical and electronic equipment |
| WFD | Water Framework Directive |
| WMIS | Waste Management Information System |
| WMP | Waste Management Plan |
| WPP | Waste Prevention Programme |