A Decade of OECD Competition Trends, Data and Insights

Annex C. Sources and methodology of CompStats

In 2018, under the guidance of the Bureau of the Competition Committee, the OECD Secretariat launched an initiative to develop a database of general statistics relating to competition authorities, including data on enforcement and information on advocacy initiatives.

Some statistics related to competition authorities’ activities are already publicly available. However, this information is often dispersed, lacks consistency across time and jurisdictions, and is currently not used systematically to identify overall trends from which to draw policy lessons. This initiative fills this gap.

The OECD Secretariat collects data annually from: (i) competition authorities in OECD jurisdictions; (ii) authorities in non-OECD jurisdictions that are Participants or Associates in the OECD Competition Committee; and (iii) authorities in jurisdictions that are neither OECD member nor a participant or associate in the OECD Competition Committee but have expressed an interest to join the database.

Jurisdictions

The OECD CompStats database currently covers data from competition authorities in 66 jurisdictions, of which 38 jurisdictions are OECD jurisdictions (including the European Commission).1

There are four geographic regions used in ‎Annex A: Americas, Asia-Pacific, Europe and Middle East and Africa (MEA). The jurisdictions in the OECD CompStats database are allocated to these geographic regions as follows (jurisdictions with an asterisk (*) are considered as OECD members for the data analysis):

• Americas (16): Argentina, Barbados, Brazil, Canada*, Chile*, Colombia*, Costa Rica*, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico*, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Trinidad and Tobago, and United States*.

• Asia-Pacific (10): Australia*, Hong Kong (China), Indonesia, Japan*, Kazakhstan, Korea*, New Zealand*, Philippines, Singapore and Chinese Taipei.

• Europe (33): Albania, Austria*, Belgium*, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia*, Denmark*, European Commission*, Estonia, Finland*, France*, Germany*, Greece*, Hungary*, Iceland*, Ireland*, Italy*, Latvia*, Lithuania*, Luxembourg*, Malta, Netherlands*, Norway*, Poland*, Portugal*, Romania, Slovak Republic*, Slovenia*, Spain*, Sweden*, Switzerland*, Ukraine and the United Kingdom*.

• MEA (7): COMESA, Israel*, Kenya, Mauritius, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia and Türkiye*.

Period

The OECD CompStats database contains ten years of annual data for the period 2015 to 2024. Given that not all the jurisdictions provide data for all variables for all years, totals and averages presented in this report are calculated using the information of the jurisdictions that provided data for the variable for the entire period.

Data

The following areas are currently covered in OECD CompStats database.

1. General information

• Budget dedicated to competition

• Number of staff

• Number of competition staff

2. Cartels and other anticompetitive agreements

• Number of infringement decisions

• Number of infringement decisions per industry

• Number of infringement decisions related to bid-rigging

• Number of infringement decisions on vertical agreements

• Number of other decisions

• Number of cases with settlements or plea bargain

• Number of cases with negotiated/consensual procedure for settling cases

• Number of leniency applications

• Number of investigations launched

• Number of cases that used a dawn raid

• Total amount of fines imposed

• Number of companies fined

• Number of cases with fines on individual

• Number of cases with imprisonment of individual

3. Abuse of dominance/unilateral conduct

• Number of infringement decisions

• Number of infringement decisions per industry

• Number of other decisions

• Number of cases with settlements or plea bargain

• Number of cases with negotiated/consensual procedure for settling cases

• Number of investigations launched

• Number of cases that used a dawn raid

• Total amount of fines imposed

• Number of companies fined

4. Mergers and acquisitions

• Number of notifications

• Number of Phase One (or single phase) clearances

• Number of Phase One (or single phase) clearances with remedies

• Number of Phase Two clearances (after an in-depth investigation)

• Number of Phase Two clearances with remedies

• Number of prohibitions (or trials)

• Number of withdrawn notifications by merging parties

5. Advocacy

• Number of market studies

6. Additional public data

To enrich the database and allow for better and in-depth analysis, the Secretariat has added the following variables to the database:

• gross domestic product (GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity), inflation and population data from the World Bank development indicators database. For some jurisdictions (Korea, Japan and Chinese Taipei), GDP data is from the International Monetary Fund (GDP, current prices, purchasing power parity). It is relevant to note that for 2023, the World Bank adjusted its methodology to calculate the purchasing power parity conversion factor, thus, adjusted variables are not comparable with previous versions of the report.

• year of implementation of competition law

• year of establishment of competition agency

• year of adoption of merger control

• year of establishment of a leniency programme

• characteristics of merger control regimes in CompStats (mandatory vs. voluntary merger notification, filing-fee requirements, selected criteria for establishing merger-notification threshold, use of simplified merger regime and one‑phase vs. two‑phase approaches)

Competition authorities in the OECD CompStats Database

The following competition authorities contributed with the information for the OECD CompStats Database.

Table A ‎C.1. Competition authorities in the OECD CompStats Database

Jurisdiction	Acronym	Competition authority (name in English)
Albania	ALB	Competition Authority of Albania
Argentina	ARG	National Commission for the Defense of Competition
Australia	AUS	Australian Competition and Consumer Commission
Austria	AUT	The Federal Competition Authority
Barbados	BRB	The Barbados Fair Trading Commission
Belgium	BEL	Belgian Competition Authority
Brazil	BRA	Administrative Council for Economic Defence
Bulgaria	BGR	Commission on Protection of Competition
Canada	CAN	The Competition Bureau Canada
Chile	CHL	National Economic Prosecutor Tribunal for the Defense of Free Competition
Colombia	COL	Superintendence of Industry and Commerce
COMESA	COM	Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa Competition Commission
Costa Rica	CRI	Commission for the Promotion of Competition Costa Rica Telecommunications Superintendency
Croatia	HRV	Croatian Competition Agency
Czechia	CZE	Office for the Protection of Competition
Denmark	DNK	Danish Competition and Consumer Authority
Dominican Republic	DOM	National Commission for the Defence of Competition of the Dominican Republic
Ecuador	ECU	Superintendency for Economic Competition
El Salvador	SAL	Superintendence for Competition
Estonia	EST	The Estonian Competition Authority
European Union	EU	European Commission Directorate‑General for Competition
Finland	FIN	Finnish Competition and Consumer Authority
France	FRA	French Competition Authority
Germany	DEU	Federal Cartel Office
Greece	GRC	Hellenic Competition Commission
Hong Kong, China	HKG	Competition Commission (Hong Kong)
Hungary	HUN	Hungarian Competition Authority
Iceland	ISL	Icelandic Competition Authority
Indonesia	IDN	Indonesia Competition Commission
Ireland	IRL	Competition and Consumer Protection Commission
Israel	ISR	Israel Competition Authority
Italy	ITA	Italian Competition Authority
Japan	JPN	Japan Fair Trade Commission
Kazakhstan	KAZ	Agency for the Protection and Development of Competition
Kenya	KEN	Competition Authority of Kenya
Korea	KOR	Korea Fair Trade Commission
Latvia	LVA	Competition Council of the Republic of Latvia
Lithuania	LTU	Competition Council of the Republic of Lithuania
Luxembourg	LUX	Competition Council
Malta	MLT	Malta Competition and Consumer Affairs Authority – The Office for Competition
Mauritius	MUS	Competition Commission of Mauritius
Mexico	MEX	Federal Economic Competition Commission (since October 2025, National Antimonopoly Commission) Federal Institute of Telecommunications
Netherlands	NLD	Authority for Consumers and Markets
New Zealand	NZL	New Zealand Commerce Commission
Norway	NOR	Norwegian Competition Authority
Panama	PAN	Authority for Consumer Protection and Competition Defense
Paraguay	PRY	National Competition Commission
Peru	PER	National Institute for the Defence of Competition and the Protection of Intellectual Property
Philippines	PHL	Philippine Competition Commission
Poland	POL	Office of Competition and Consumer Protection
Portugal	PRT	Portuguese Competition Authority
Romania	ROU	Romanian Competition Council
Saudi Arabia	SAU	General Authority for Competition
Singapore	SGP	Competition and Consumer Commission of Singapore
Slovak Republic	SVK	Antimonopoly Office of the Slovak Republic
Slovenia	SVN	Slovenian Competition Protection Agency
Spain	ESP	The Spanish National Commission of Markets and Competition
Sweden	SWE	Swedish Competition Authority
Switzerland	CHE	The Competition Commission
Chinese Taipei	TWN	The Fair Trade Commission of Chinese Taipei
Trinidad and Tobago	TTO	Trinidad and Tobago Fair Trading Commission
Tunisia	TUN	Competition Council of Tunisia
Türkiye	TUR	Turkish Competition Authority
Ukraine	UKR	Antimonopoly Committee of Ukraine
United Kingdom	GBR	Competition and Markets Authority
United States	USA	Department of Justice Antitrust Division Federal Trade Commission Bureau of Competition

Note

← 1.  The European Commission takes part in the work of the OECD, in accordance with the Supplementary Protocol to the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development.