Population ageing has been one of the main driving forces behind changes in pension policies and reforms. Ageing is the result of two demographic trends. The first indicator looks into the number of births and the development over the last 50 years. The second driver of population ageing is increasing life expectancy. Changes in life expectancy – at birth and at age 65 – are shown as the second indicator. The third indicator looks into the degree of ageing measured as the level of and change in the number of people aged 65 and above relative to the number of people of working age (20-64). The fourth indicator takes a look at the employment rates of older workers. The fifth indicator presents calculations for the age at which people leave the labour market - the “Effective age of labour market exit”. The last indicator measures the expected life years at the labour-market exit age by combining life expectancy with the previous indicator.
Pensions at a Glance 2019
OECD and G20 Indicators
