Video transcript
Belgium’s economy has shown resilience through a period of global shocks. While the evolving conflicts in the Middle East are creating new challenges, the economy is well placed to build on its strengths.
GDP growth is projected at 0.7% in 2026 and 1.0% in 2027.
Inflation is projected at 3.6% in 2026 and 3.4% in 2027.
Public debt is high and spending pressures are rising, highlighting the need for improved spending efficiency.
To ensure sustainable public finances:
• Create a credible multi-year strategy for all of Belgium’s regions and communities
• Strengthen spending reviews, coordinating them across federal and regional governments
• Eliminate ineffective tax expenditures and subsidies
Belgium achieves good health outcomes, but healthcare spending is relatively high. As the population ages, improving efficiency will help preserve quality while containing costs.
To improve healthcare efficiency and contain costs:
• Strengthen coordination of healthcare across jurisdictions and providers
• Prioritise home-based long-term care by expanding existing services, including for day care and assisted living
• Increase focus on prevention and healthy ageing
Progress has been made reducing greenhouse gas emissions, but accelerated efforts are needed to meet future goals.
To reach emissions targets and improve climate resilience:
• Phase out fossil fuel subsidies and reform energy taxation
• Advance a coordinated, long-term strategy to decarbonise the energy sector
• Adopt a comprehensive National Climate Adaptation Plan with clear priorities, measurable targets and independent monitoring
Belgium remains a highly productive economy, but industrial competitiveness is facing growing pressures from a shrinking manufacturing base and persistent labour shortages.
To strengthen competitiveness:
• Increase the proportion of STEM graduates and expand lifelong learning
• Reduce unnecessary regulatory burdens for businesses
• Improve coordination and efficiency of R&D support
Explore the full analysis in the new OECD Economic Survey of Belgium 2026. https://oe.cd/BELGIUM