Water Demand Management in Mongolia

Abbreviations and Acronyms

ADB	Asian Development Bank
ADCP	Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
AWC	Asia Water Council
AEL	Associated Emission Levels
AR6	Sixth Assessment Report
AWS	Automated Weather Observation System
BAT	Best Available Techniques
CAPEX	Capital expenditures
CBA	Cost-Benefit Analysis
CDMA	Code Division Multiple Access
CHP	Combined Heat and Power Plant
COP27	United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
CRKh	Citizen Representative Khural (Local Parliament)
CUM	Cubic Meter
DRRS	Dutch Disaster Risk Reduction and Emergency Response Agency
DWR	Durban Water Recycling
ESG	Environmental Social and Governance
GDP	Gross Domestic Plan
GEF	Global Environment Facility
GHG	Greenhouse Gas
GIA	Government Implementing Agency
GIMS	National Groundwater Information Centre
GIS	Geographic Information System
GLDF	General Local Development Fund
GRA	Government Regulatory Agency
IBNET	International Benchmarking Network for Water and Sanitation
ICT	Information and Communications Technology
IoT	Internet of Things
IPCC	International Panel on Climate Change
IT	Information technology
IWRM	Integrated Water Resources Management
K-HIT	K-water Hydro Intelligent Toolkit
KPI	Key Performance Indicator
LDF	Local Development Fund
lpcd	litres per capita per day
MAR	Managed Aquifer Recharge
MAS	Mongolian Academy of Sciences
MCA	Millennium Challenge Account-Mongolia
MCC	Millennium Challenge Corporation
MCUD	Minister of Construction and Urban Development
MDG	Millenium Development Goals
MECC	Ministry of Environment and Climate Change
MED	Ministry of Economy and Development
MET	Ministry of Environment and Tourism
MIMR	Ministry of Industry of Mineral Resources
MMHI	Ministry of Mining and Heavy Industry
M-NECS	Mongolian National Education Centre for Sustainable Water Service
MNS	Mongolian National Standards
MOF	Ministry of Finance
MOFALI	Ministry of Food, Agriculture, and Light Industry
MOH	Minister of Health
MSP	Multistakeholder Platform
MUB	Municipality of Ulaanbaatar
MUDCH	Ministry of Urban Development, Construction and Housing
NAMEM	National Agency Meteorology and the Environmental Monitoring
NDC	Nationally Determined Contributions
NRP	New Recovery Policy
NSIP	National Stream flow Information Program
NSO	National Statistics Office
NWC	National Water Council
NWFE	Nexus of Water, Food, and Energy
O&M	Operation and maintenance
ODA	Official Development Assistance
OPEX	Operating expenditures
OSNAAUG	Housing and Public Utilities Authority of Ulaanbaatar
PIP	Public Investment Program
PPP	Public-Private Partnership
PPWSA	Phnom Penh Water Supply Authority
RB	River Basin
RBA	River Basin Authority
RBO	River Basin Organisations
SABESP	Saneamento Basico do Estado de São Paulo
SAR	Synthetic Aperture Radar
SDG	Sustainable Development Goals
TIWB	Tax Inspectors Without Borders
TRBA	Tuul River Basin Authority
UN	United Nations
UNDP	United Nations Development Programme
UNDRR	United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction
UNEP	United Nations Environment Programme
UNICEF	United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
USUG	Water Supply and Sewerage Authority of Ulaanbaatar
VHF	Very High Frequency
WAMIS	Water resources Management Information System
WASH	Water, Sanitation and Hygiene
WB	World Bank
WEAP	Water Evaluation And Planning System
WMO	World Meteorological Organization
WOP	Water Operators Partnership
WSRC	Water Services Regulatory Commission
WSS	Water Supply and Sanitation
WSSS	Water Supply, Sewerage Service
WUO	Water Utility Operator
WWF	World Wide Fund