Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean 2026

3. Tax levels and tax structures, 1990-2024

In all of the following tables, a (..) indicates not available. The main series in this volume cover the years 1990 to 2024.

Figures referring to 1991-99, 2001-09, 2011-14, 2016-18 in Tables 3.1 to 3.2 and Tables 3.15 to 3.17, figures relating to 1991-99, 2001-09 and 2011-22 in Tables 3.5 to 3.10, and figures relating to 1990-94, 1996-04 and 2006-23 in Table 3.11 have been omitted because of lack of space. Complete series are, however, available online at https://oe.cd/globalrevstats and in the database OECD (2026), “Revenue Statistics in Latin America and the Caribbean: Comparative tables”, OECD Tax Statistics, http://data-explorer.oecd.org/s/e1.

Table 3.1. Total tax revenue as % of GDP, 1990-2024

	1990	2000	2010	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda1	..	11.0	18.8	18.9	17.6	19.2	18.6	18.1	17.9	19.8
Argentina	13.3	19.2	29.1	31.5	28.5	29.7	29.1	29.5	27.7	27.6
Bahamas1	9.7	11.9	12.6	14.9	18.7	20.0	15.5	17.5	18.3	19.3
Barbados	24.6	28.6	26.6	27.4	29.7	28.9	30.7	29.8	28.7	30.7
Belize1	16.3	14.0	21.2	21.6	24.2	22.8	23.2	23.4	24.7	24.5
Bolivia	6.5	17.6	22.9	29.5	24.7	22.2	22.6	23.7	23.9	23.6
Brazil	27.8	29.4	31.7	31.3	31.9	30.5	32.1	32.5	31.7	33.7
Chile	16.8	18.7	19.7	20.5	21.0	19.3	22.3	23.9	20.6	20.5
Colombia	11.3	15.7	18.1	19.9	19.7	18.8	19.2	19.6	22.1	19.9
Costa Rica	22.4	21.1	22.1	22.9	23.4	22.6	24.8	25.2	24.9	24.8
Cuba2	31.9	37.2	37.2	38.1	42.1	37.5	17.7	18.3	17.9	22.9
Dominican Republic	8.3	12.1	12.3	12.9	13.4	12.5	14.4	14.0	14.4	14.7
Ecuador1	7.2	12.1	17.2	22.3	20.0	19.0	19.4	21.3	21.2	21.7
El Salvador	11.3	14.2	18.7	19.9	21.0	21.7	23.1	23.3	23.0	23.6
Grenada	..	..	..	19.0	21.9	22.1	20.6	21.6	23.9	23.5
Guatemala	7.9	11.7	12.5	12.8	13.1	12.5	14.2	14.4	14.2	14.3
Guyana	15.2	15.7	16.0	18.1	23.2	21.3	16.8	10.6	11.6	9.2
Honduras	10.5	17.2	18.2	20.6	21.6	19.6	21.5	21.6	21.0	21.1
Jamaica	22.5	22.2	24.9	25.8	29.3	25.7	31.6	33.1	31.9	30.7
Mexico	11.5	10.9	12.3	15.4	15.9	17.2	16.7	16.8	17.7	18.3
Nicaragua1	..	14.3	19.3	22.3	25.5	25.3	26.9	27.8	27.5	27.6
Panama1	16.0	15.0	16.3	14.4	12.6	12.0	11.7	11.9	11.9	11.3
Paraguay	8.5	11.6	12.1	13.7	13.9	13.5	13.9	14.6	14.5	15.8
Peru	11.3	15.1	17.5	17.0	16.3	15.0	17.7	18.8	16.7	16.3
Saint Lucia1	..	19.1	20.7	21.4	20.9	22.6	20.7	20.2	21.4	21.3
Suriname	..	..	..	15.5	15.1	12.8	18.6	16.9	19.1	19.8
Trinidad and Tobago	22.5	21.0	27.7	27.2	24.2	22.2	21.2	25.1	27.6	24.6
Uruguay	18.3	21.3	24.2	25.1	26.2	26.7	25.9	26.8	27.2	27.3
Venezuela3	21.2	13.5	11.8	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC4	14.5	16.8	19.7	20.8	21.2	20.6	21.1	21.4	21.5	21.7
OECD5	30.8	32.9	31.5	32.9	33.3	33.5	34.0	34.0	33.7	34.1

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-24), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2022-24), Belize (social security contributions for 2023 and 2024), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2021-24), Panama (local tax revenues for 2023 and 2024) and Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021-24). See the corresponding country tables for more information.

2. Figures in and after 2021 are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

4. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

5. Calculated by applying the unweighted average percentage change for 2024 in the 38 countries providing data for that year to the overall average tax to GDP ratio in 2023.

Table 3.2. Total tax revenue in millions of USD at market exchange rates, 1990-2024

	1990	2000	2010	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda1	..	99	244	272	304	271	298	338	368	428
Argentina	20 952	61 084	123 456	202 079	127 342	114 586	141 578	186 901	179 733	176 049
Bahamas1	505	965	1 277	1 761	2 486	2 076	1 869	2 436	2 788	3 063
Barbados	513	946	1 368	1 447	1 721	1 491	1 621	1 866	1 927	2 204
Belize1	89	159	370	473	577	467	564	667	753	785
Bolivia	317	1 478	4 527	9 805	10 173	8 176	9 213	10 498	10 849	11 087
Brazil	129 442	192 661	700 050	562 756	596 829	449 504	536 242	635 124	693 660	733 972
Chile	5 829	14 645	42 754	49 736	58 367	48 974	70 443	72 026	69 225	67 637
Colombia	5 136	14 655	51 846	58 414	63 613	50 751	61 136	67 864	80 861	83 147
Costa Rica	1 285	3 174	8 334	12 952	15 079	14 080	16 140	17 440	21 565	23 685
Cuba2	6 870	11 367	23 949	33 182	43 504	40 263	4 022	2 378	1 650	2 772
Dominican Republic	664	2 951	6 600	9 200	11 935	9 854	13 683	15 878	17 403	18 304
Ecuador1	1 078	2 125	11 693	21 661	21 501	18 543	20 701	24 098	24 486	27 047
El Salvador	543	1 669	3 447	4 659	5 640	5 404	6 716	7 438	7 799	8 344
Grenada	..	..	..	190	266	231	232	265	314	330
Guatemala	593	2 129	5 153	7 944	10 087	9 721	12 247	13 766	14 822	16 208
Guyana	104	234	550	774	1 200	1 168	1 354	1 556	1 961	2 267
Honduras	515	1 219	2 886	4 315	5 386	4 574	6 041	6 784	7 222	7 818
Jamaica	1 027	1 998	3 286	3 647	4 514	3 842	4 093	4 982	5 671	5 910
Mexico	36 267	81 139	135 822	186 360	207 420	193 092	219 627	245 851	318 050	338 770
Nicaragua1	..	733	1 693	2 846	3 244	3 223	3 824	4 352	4 897	5 438
Panama1	948	1 942	4 793	7 811	8 782	6 866	7 862	9 141	9 958	9 789
Paraguay	494	1 029	3 286	4 967	5 289	4 791	5 535	6 109	6 238	7 005
Peru	3 198	7 604	26 116	33 054	38 490	31 412	40 728	46 608	45 295	47 928
Suriname	..	178	307	387	437	342	387	472	513	548
Saint Lucia1	..	..	..	794	605	372	578	643	663	878
Trinidad and Tobago	1 158	1 746	6 261	7 339	5 686	4 630	5 142	7 098	6 919	6 304
Uruguay	2 051	5 303	10 618	14 599	16 279	14 303	15 748	18 954	21 216	22 063
Venezuela3	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-24), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2022-24), Belize (social security contributions for 2023 and 2024), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2021-24), Panama (local tax revenues for 2023 and 2024) and Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021-24). See the corresponding country tables for more information.

2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

3. Some tax revenue data are not available between 2014 and 2017 and therefore total figures have not been included. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

Table 3.3. Tax revenue of main headings as % of GDP, 2024

	1000 Income & profits	2000 Social security	3000 Payroll	4000 Property	5000 Goods and services	6000 Others
Antigua and Barbuda1	1.9	3.0	0.0	1.4	13.5	0.0
Argentina	4.5	5.1	0.0	2.6	15.2	0.2
Bahamas1	0.0	2.1	0.0	2.0	15.3	0.0
Barbados	11.0	4.7	0.0	1.7	13.3	0.0
Belize1	5.7	2.6	0.0	1.2	15.0	0.0
Bolivia	2.8	5.8	0.0	0.1	11.9	3.1
Brazil	9.1	8.1	0.6	1.6	14.4	0.0
Chile	7.5	1.2	0.0	1.3	11.0	-0.4
Colombia	6.9	1.7	0.3	1.6	8.4	0.9
Costa Rica	4.9	9.0	1.5	0.5	8.4	0.5
Cuba	9.2	3.3	0.8	0.0	6.8	2.9
Dominican Republic	5.1	0.1	0.1	0.7	8.7	0.0
Ecuador1	5.7	4.9	0.0	0.4	10.7	0.0
El Salvador	8.6	2.6	0.1	0.2	11.9	0.2
Grenada	5.1	..	0.0	1.0	17.2	0.2
Guatemala	3.5	2.2	0.2	0.3	7.3	0.9
Guyana	4.9	0.8	0.0	0.2	3.3	0.1
Honduras	5.8	3.2	0.2	0.6	10.6	0.7
Jamaica	9.5	2.0	1.7	0.7	16.7	0.1
Mexico	7.9	2.5	0.6	0.3	6.6	0.3
Nicaragua1	8.9	5.8	0.0	0.3	12.2	0.3
Panama1	3.0	4.8	0.2	0.2	3.2	0.0
Paraguay	3.2	3.9	0.0	0.2	8.2	0.2
Peru	5.9	1.8	0.0	0.9	7.3	0.4
Saint Lucia1	4.7	2.4	0.0	0.5	13.7	0.0
Suriname	9.1	0.6	0.0	0.0	9.9	0.1
Trinidad and Tobago	13.0	2.7	0.0	0.3	8.5	0.0
Uruguay	6.9	7.4	0.0	2.1	10.6	0.2
Venezuela2	..	..	..	..	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC3	6.2	3.5	0.2	0.8	10.7	0.4
OECD4	12.2	8.8	0.5	1.7	10.4	0.2

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-24), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2022-24), Belize (social security contributions for 2023 and 2024), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2021-24), Panama (local tax revenues for 2023 and 2024) and Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021-24). See the corresponding country tables for more information.

2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

3. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2023 are used as data for 2024 were not available at the time of publication.

Table 3.4. Tax revenue of main headings as % of total tax revenue, 2024

	1000 Income & profits	2000 Social security	3000 Payroll	4000 Property	5000 Goods and services	6000 Others
Antigua and Barbuda1	9.8	15.2	0.0	7.0	68.0	0.0
Argentina	16.2	18.6	0.0	9.6	54.9	0.7
Bahamas1	0.0	10.7	0.0	10.4	78.9	0.0
Barbados	35.9	15.2	0.0	5.5	43.4	0.0
Belize1	23.1	10.7	0.0	4.8	61.4	0.0
Bolivia	11.7	24.6	0.0	0.5	50.2	13.0
Brazil	26.9	24.0	1.7	4.7	42.7	0.0
Chile	36.4	5.8	0.0	6.2	53.6	-2.0
Colombia	34.6	8.5	1.6	8.3	42.3	4.6
Costa Rica	19.8	36.4	6.0	1.9	33.9	1.9
Cuba	40.0	14.3	3.4	0.0	29.6	12.7
Dominican Republic	35.0	0.7	0.5	4.8	59.0	0.0
Ecuador1	26.4	22.4	0.0	1.7	49.5	0.0
El Salvador	36.5	10.8	0.5	0.7	50.4	1.0
Grenada	21.6	..	0.0	4.3	73.2	0.9
Guatemala	24.3	15.3	1.1	2.0	51.0	6.3
Guyana	53.1	8.3	0.0	1.9	36.1	0.6
Honduras	27.5	15.1	0.8	3.0	50.2	3.4
Jamaica	30.9	6.6	5.5	2.3	54.4	0.3
Mexico	43.4	13.7	3.0	1.7	36.2	1.9
Nicaragua1	32.4	21.1	0.0	1.2	44.3	1.0
Panama1	26.2	42.3	1.4	1.8	28.0	0.3
Paraguay	20.2	25.0	0.0	1.2	52.2	1.5
Peru	36.0	11.2	0.1	5.3	44.7	2.6
Saint Lucia1	21.9	11.1	0.0	2.5	64.5	0.0
Suriname	46.1	3.2	0.0	0.0	50.1	0.5
Trinidad and Tobago	53.0	11.2	0.0	1.0	34.8	0.0
Uruguay	25.5	27.1	0.0	7.7	39.0	0.7
Venezuela2	..	..	..	..	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC3	29.1	15.9	0.9	3.7	49.2	1.9
OECD4	36.4	25.5	1.3	5.1	31.2	0.5

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. The data include the following estimations: Antigua and Barbuda (social security contributions for 2019-24), the Bahamas (social security contributions for 2022-24), Belize (social security contributions for 2023 and 2024), Nicaragua (local tax revenues for 2021-24), Panama (local tax revenues for 2023 and 2024) and Saint Lucia (social security contributions for 2021-24). See the corresponding country tables for more information.

2. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

3. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries. Data for 2023 are used as data for 2024 were not available at the time of publication.

Table 3.5. Taxes on income and profits (1000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	1.5	2.6	1.8	1.9	..	14.0	14.0	10.2	9.8
Argentina	0.7	3.6	4.7	4.6	4.5	5.3	18.5	16.2	16.5	16.2
Bahamas	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbados	6.0	9.0	7.5	8.2	11.0	24.3	31.7	28.0	28.7	35.9
Belize	3.4	3.3	7.1	5.7	5.7	20.9	23.9	33.6	23.2	23.1
Bolivia	0.4	2.3	4.6	2.9	2.8	6.7	13.2	20.0	12.1	11.7
Brazil	5.1	5.7	6.7	8.6	9.1	18.3	19.5	21.0	27.2	26.9
Chile	3.9	4.4	7.5	7.2	7.5	23.2	23.3	38.2	35.1	36.4
Colombia	3.4	3.6	4.8	8.8	6.9	29.9	23.2	26.6	40.1	34.6
Costa Rica	2.3	2.8	3.8	5.3	4.9	10.0	13.2	17.1	21.2	19.8
Cuba1	0.1	6.0	5.6	8.4	9.2	0.2	16.1	15.0	47.2	40.0
Dominican Republic	2.1	2.7	2.7	5.0	5.1	25.7	22.0	21.7	34.9	35.0
Ecuador	0.9	1.5	4.3	4.9	5.7	12.9	12.6	25.0	23.3	26.4
El Salvador	2.0	3.6	5.4	8.3	8.6	17.6	25.7	28.9	36.0	36.5
Grenada	..	..	..	4.6	5.1	..	..	..	19.5	21.6
Guatemala	1.5	2.3	2.3	3.5	3.5	19.2	19.9	18.6	24.5	24.3
Guyana	5.1	5.9	5.7	6.1	4.9	33.5	37.8	35.4	52.3	53.1
Honduras	2.1	2.7	4.4	5.7	5.8	20.3	15.9	24.3	27.2	27.5
Jamaica	10.6	9.0	9.2	10.1	9.5	47.0	40.4	36.9	31.7	30.9
Mexico	3.9	3.9	4.9	7.9	7.9	34.0	36.0	39.8	44.5	43.4
Nicaragua	..	1.8	4.5	9.0	8.9	..	12.3	23.1	32.9	32.4
Panama	3.7	3.7	4.5	4.0	3.0	22.9	25.0	27.5	33.7	26.2
Paraguay	1.0	1.5	1.6	2.6	3.2	12.1	13.1	13.4	18.0	20.2
Peru	0.7	2.9	6.1	6.1	5.9	6.2	19.1	34.6	36.4	36.0
Saint Lucia	..	5.5	5.6	5.0	4.7	..	28.6	27.1	23.5	21.9
Suriname	..	..	..	10.4	9.1	..	..	..	54.5	46.1
Trinidad and Tobago	11.8	11.9	19.0	17.6	13.0	52.7	56.8	68.5	63.5	53.0
Uruguay	0.9	2.9	4.8	7.2	6.9	4.7	13.6	20.0	26.4	25.5
Venezuela2	17.7	5.8	3.6	..	..	83.7	43.2	30.7	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC3	3.3	3.9	5.4	6.4	6.2	20.3	22.4	26.4	30.2	29.1
OECD4	11.5	11.4	10.2	12.2	..	36.2	33.9	32.2	36.4	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

3. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.6. Social security contributions (2000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda1	..	..	2.4	3.2	3.0	..	..	12.6	17.6	15.2
Argentina	3.4	3.0	6.2	5.1	5.1	25.3	15.8	21.2	18.2	18.6
Bahamas1	1.3	1.4	1.7	2.1	2.1	13.2	11.9	13.1	11.3	10.7
Barbados	3.2	4.5	5.5	4.8	4.7	13.1	15.6	20.6	16.8	15.2
Belize1	0.9	0.8	1.7	2.7	2.6	5.7	5.8	8.2	11.0	10.7
Bolivia	0.0	1.3	3.8	5.7	5.8	0.0	7.3	16.7	24.1	24.6
Brazil	6.8	7.0	8.1	8.0	8.1	24.3	23.7	25.5	25.3	24.0
Chile	1.5	1.4	1.3	1.2	1.2	9.0	7.3	6.8	5.6	5.8
Colombia	0.9	2.6	2.1	1.6	1.7	7.9	16.3	11.7	7.3	8.5
Costa Rica	6.5	6.4	7.3	8.9	9.0	28.9	30.4	33.1	35.7	36.4
Cuba2	3.5	3.9	4.6	3.5	3.3	11.0	10.4	12.4	19.8	14.3
Dominican Republic	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.8	1.0	0.8	0.4	0.7
Ecuador	1.6	1.3	3.7	5.2	4.9	22.5	10.7	21.7	24.7	22.4
El Salvador	2.2	2.8	2.5	2.6	2.6	19.2	19.5	13.6	11.3	10.8
Grenada	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guatemala	1.3	1.8	1.9	2.2	2.2	16.5	15.5	15.2	15.2	15.3
Guyana	0.6	1.8	1.4	1.0	0.8	3.6	11.4	9.0	8.8	8.3
Honduras	0.9	1.6	2.9	3.1	3.2	8.5	9.4	15.9	14.6	15.1
Jamaica	..	..	0.7	2.0	2.0	..	..	2.9	6.2	6.6
Mexico	1.9	2.0	2.0	2.4	2.5	16.8	18.0	16.2	13.5	13.7
Nicaragua	..	2.6	4.3	5.9	5.8	..	18.0	22.4	21.5	21.1
Panama	5.5	5.7	5.5	4.2	4.8	34.2	38.2	33.7	35.0	42.3
Paraguay	0.4	3.0	2.8	4.1	3.9	4.8	25.6	22.7	28.4	25.0
Peru	0.9	1.8	1.9	1.9	1.8	8.3	12.0	10.7	11.1	11.2
Saint Lucia1	..	1.9	2.3	2.4	2.4	..	10.0	11.1	11.4	11.1
Suriname	..	..	..	0.6	0.6	..	..	..	3.0	3.2
Trinidad and Tobago	0.8	1.3	1.8	2.8	2.7	3.7	6.4	6.7	10.3	11.2
Uruguay3	5.5	5.9	5.6	7.2	7.4	29.9	27.5	23.4	26.5	27.1
Venezuela4	1.0	0.7	1.0	..	..	4.9	5.4	8.1	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC5	2.2	2.7	3.2	3.5	3.5	14.1	15.5	15.8	16.1	15.9
OECD6	7.1	8.4	8.6	8.8	..	21.8	24.9	26.5	25.5	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Revenues from social security contributions are estimated in the following countries: Antigua and Barbuda (2019-24), the Bahamas (2022-24), Belize (2023 and 2024) and Saint Lucia (2021-24).

2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

3. Figures for 1990-98 are estimated by the Direction General of Taxes as the methodology they use to calculate social security contributions was not employed until 1999.

4. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

5. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

6. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.7. Taxes on payroll (3000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Argentina	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bahamas	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Barbados	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Belize	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Bolivia	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Brazil	0.4	0.5	0.5	0.6	0.6	1.6	1.5	1.7	1.8	1.7
Chile	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Colombia	0.0	0.7	0.7	0.3	0.3	0.0	4.2	4.1	1.4	1.6
Costa Rica	1.4	1.3	1.3	1.5	1.5	6.4	6.3	5.9	5.9	6.0
Cuba1	0.0	3.2	6.9	0.8	0.8	0.0	8.5	18.4	4.5	3.4
Dominican Republic	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.5	0.5
Ecuador	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
El Salvador	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.1	0.1	0.0	0.0	0.6	0.6	0.5
Grenada	..	..	..	0.0	0.0	..	..	..	0.0	0.0
Guatemala	0.0	0.0	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	1.1	1.1	1.1
Guyana	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Honduras	0.0	0.0	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	0.0	0.9	0.8	0.8
Jamaica	0.9	1.0	1.1	1.7	1.7	3.9	4.4	4.5	5.4	5.5
Mexico	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.6	1.8	1.5	2.2	3.0	3.0
Nicaragua	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Panama	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.0	1.9	1.2	2.0	1.4
Paraguay	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Peru	0.0	0.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	4.3	0.1	0.1	0.1
Saint Lucia	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Suriname	..	..	..	0.0	0.0	..	..	..	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Uruguay	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Venezuela2	0.0	0.0	0.0	..	..	0.0	0.0	0.0	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC3	0.1	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.6	1.0	0.9	1.0	0.9
OECD4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.5	..	1.2	1.2	1.2	1.3	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

3. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.8. Taxes on property (4000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	0.5	1.4	1.5	1.4	..	4.9	7.5	8.2	7.0
Argentina	1.5	1.2	2.6	2.8	2.6	11.4	6.3	9.0	10.0	9.6
Bahamas	1.1	2.6	2.7	1.8	2.0	11.2	21.6	21.1	9.9	10.4
Barbados	3.5	1.6	1.3	1.8	1.7	14.4	5.7	4.8	6.1	5.5
Belize	3.1	0.6	0.6	1.2	1.2	19.2	4.2	3.1	4.8	4.8
Bolivia	0.0	0.0	0.3	0.2	0.1	0.1	0.0	1.2	0.8	0.5
Brazil	1.6	2.0	1.4	1.5	1.6	5.9	6.7	4.3	4.9	4.7
Chile	1.0	1.3	0.8	1.3	1.3	6.2	7.0	4.0	6.5	6.2
Colombia	0.2	1.0	1.6	1.6	1.6	2.2	6.6	8.7	7.4	8.3
Costa Rica	0.3	0.2	0.3	0.5	0.5	1.3	0.9	1.5	1.9	1.9
Cuba	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican Republic	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.7	0.7	1.2	1.3	5.1	5.1	4.8
Ecuador	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.6	0.4	1.5	0.8	1.4	3.0	1.7
El Salvador	0.5	0.1	0.1	0.2	0.2	4.8	0.7	0.6	0.8	0.7
Grenada	..	..	..	1.2	1.0	..	..	..	4.9	4.3
Guatemala	0.4	0.2	0.4	0.3	0.3	5.6	2.1	2.9	1.9	2.0
Guyana	0.2	0.3	0.3	0.2	0.2	1.0	1.6	1.8	1.9	1.9
Honduras	0.1	0.2	0.3	0.7	0.6	0.7	1.5	1.8	3.1	3.0
Jamaica	2.8	1.1	0.9	0.7	0.7	12.5	4.9	3.5	2.3	2.3
Mexico	0.2	0.2	0.3	0.4	0.3	1.9	1.8	2.3	2.0	1.7
Nicaragua	..	0.0	0.2	0.3	0.3	..	0.1	1.2	1.2	1.2
Panama	0.5	0.3	0.5	0.3	0.2	3.4	2.2	2.9	2.5	1.8
Paraguay	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	0.2	2.8	2.0	1.8	1.3	1.2
Peru	1.9	0.2	0.9	0.9	0.9	16.4	1.2	5.2	5.4	5.3
Saint Lucia	..	0.4	0.5	0.6	0.5	..	2.2	2.3	2.7	2.5
Suriname	..	..	..	0.0	0.0	..	..	..	0.0	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	0.4	0.3	0.1	0.2	0.3	1.8	1.6	0.5	0.6	1.0
Uruguay	1.6	1.8	2.2	2.2	2.1	8.9	8.6	8.9	7.9	7.7
Venezuela1	0.1	0.5	0.0	..	..	0.3	3.7	0.2	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC2	1.0	0.7	0.8	0.8	0.8	6.1	3.9	4.3	3.8	3.7
OECD3	1.7	1.7	1.6	1.7	..	5.5	5.3	5.4	5.1	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

2. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.9. Taxes on goods and services (5000) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	8.9	12.4	11.5	13.5	..	81.1	65.9	64.0	68.0
Argentina	7.3	10.9	15.2	15.2	15.2	55.2	56.5	52.4	54.8	54.9
Bahamas	7.4	7.7	7.7	14.4	15.3	76.4	64.3	61.1	78.8	78.9
Barbados	11.9	13.4	12.4	13.8	13.3	48.2	47.0	46.6	48.3	43.4
Belize	8.8	9.3	11.7	15.0	15.0	54.1	66.1	55.2	61.0	61.4
Bolivia	5.9	12.8	12.9	12.3	11.9	90.2	72.7	56.4	51.6	50.2
Brazil	13.5	14.1	15.0	13.0	14.4	48.7	48.0	47.4	40.9	42.7
Chile	10.6	11.9	10.1	11.2	11.0	62.9	63.8	51.3	54.2	53.6
Colombia	6.1	7.3	8.2	8.7	8.4	53.8	46.3	45.1	39.5	42.3
Costa Rica	10.2	9.9	8.9	8.3	8.4	45.5	46.7	40.3	33.4	33.9
Cuba1	27.7	22.0	19.1	2.6	6.8	86.9	59.2	51.3	14.7	29.6
Dominican Republic	5.8	9.1	8.8	8.5	8.7	69.8	74.7	71.9	59.2	59.0
Ecuador	4.5	9.2	8.9	10.4	10.7	63.0	75.7	51.9	48.9	49.5
El Salvador	5.4	7.7	10.2	11.5	11.9	47.7	54.1	54.5	49.9	50.4
Grenada	..	..	..	17.8	17.2	..	..	..	74.7	73.2
Guatemala	4.6	7.3	7.0	7.3	7.3	58.7	62.4	56.0	51.1	51.0
Guyana	6.4	7.6	8.5	4.2	3.3	42.0	48.6	53.0	36.5	36.1
Honduras	6.9	11.7	9.7	10.7	10.6	66.2	68.0	53.1	51.0	50.2
Jamaica	8.2	11.1	13.0	17.3	16.7	36.4	50.1	52.1	54.1	54.4
Mexico	5.1	4.6	4.7	6.2	6.6	44.0	41.7	38.0	35.1	36.2
Nicaragua	..	8.6	10.1	12.0	12.2	..	60.0	52.4	43.5	44.3
Panama	5.9	4.7	5.5	3.2	3.2	36.8	31.3	33.9	26.5	28.0
Paraguay	6.1	6.7	7.3	7.5	8.2	72.1	58.0	60.5	51.7	52.2
Peru	7.6	9.1	8.4	7.5	7.3	67.7	60.5	47.9	45.0	44.7
Saint Lucia	..	11.3	12.3	13.4	13.7	..	59.1	59.5	62.4	64.5
Suriname	..	..	..	8.1	9.9	..	..	..	42.2	50.1
Trinidad and Tobago	9.4	7.4	6.7	7.1	8.5	41.7	35.2	24.3	25.6	34.8
Uruguay	10.4	10.7	11.4	10.5	10.6	56.6	50.1	47.1	38.4	39.0
Venezuela2	2.4	6.4	7.2	..	..	11.1	47.7	61.1	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC3	7.6	9.3	9.9	10.3	10.7	56.3	56.9	51.1	47.8	49.2
OECD4	9.9	10.8	10.6	10.4	..	33.7	33.9	34.1	31.2	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

2. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

3. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

4. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.10. Value added taxes (5111) as % of GDP and as % of total tax revenue

	% of GDP					% of total tax revenue
	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024	1990	2000	2010	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	5.1	5.9	7.2	..	..	27.2	33.2	36.2
Argentina	2.1	6.0	7.0	7.7	7.4	15.6	31.1	24.1	27.8	26.7
Bahamas	0.0	0.0	0.0	8.2	8.5	0.0	0.0	0.0	44.9	44.0
Barbados	0.0	7.4	7.5	8.2	7.9	0.0	26.0	28.1	28.4	25.7
Belize	0.0	0.0	5.7	6.9	6.8	0.0	0.0	26.9	28.0	27.9
Bolivia	2.8	5.7	7.4	7.4	7.2	43.0	32.2	32.5	31.1	30.4
Brazil	8.0	6.9	6.9	6.4	6.8	28.7	23.3	21.8	20.1	20.3
Chile	6.3	7.8	7.6	8.6	8.6	37.4	41.8	38.5	41.6	42.0
Colombia	2.6	4.3	5.3	6.0	5.6	22.6	27.6	29.3	27.3	28.2
Costa Rica	4.1	4.8	4.6	4.9	4.9	18.1	22.8	21.0	19.5	19.8
Cuba	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0
Dominican Republic	1.3	2.5	4.1	5.0	5.1	15.1	20.8	33.5	34.5	34.5
Ecuador	2.0	5.3	5.5	7.0	7.5	28.0	43.5	32.1	33.1	34.8
El Salvador	0.0	6.1	7.8	9.1	9.5	0.0	42.8	41.6	39.4	40.2
Grenada	..	..	..	9.1	8.7	..	..	..	38.2	37.0
Guatemala	2.3	4.4	5.1	5.6	5.6	28.8	37.9	40.9	39.4	39.3
Guyana	0.0	0.0	3.9	2.0	1.6	0.0	0.0	24.2	17.6	17.0
Honduras	1.7	4.8	5.4	7.6	7.6	16.2	28.1	29.4	36.3	35.8
Jamaica	0.8	5.7	7.1	9.6	9.5	3.8	25.5	28.7	30.2	31.0
Mexico	3.0	2.7	3.6	4.3	4.2	26.1	24.7	29.4	24.2	22.7
Nicaragua	..	4.5	5.5	7.0	7.2	..	31.5	28.6	25.5	26.2
Panama	1.4	0.5	2.6	1.7	1.7	8.5	3.6	16.0	14.4	15.1
Paraguay	0.0	3.7	4.6	5.4	5.8	0.0	32.1	38.3	37.5	37.0
Peru	2.1	5.5	6.9	6.4	6.3	18.2	36.4	39.4	38.4	38.7
Saint Lucia	..	0.0	0.0	6.2	6.1	..	0.0	0.0	28.8	28.8
Suriname	..	..	..	3.4	4.2	..	..	..	18.0	21.1
Trinidad and Tobago	4.2	3.6	4.2	3.9	5.5	18.8	17.3	15.2	14.2	22.2
Uruguay	5.0	6.0	7.9	6.8	6.9	27.5	28.0	32.8	25.0	25.4
Venezuela1	0.0	4.1	5.5	..	..	0.0	30.2	46.7	..	..
Unweighted average
LAC2	2.3	4.1	5.3	6.1	6.2	16.2	24.0	27.2	28.4	28.9
OECD3	5.1	6.3	6.3	6.8	..	17.0	19.6	20.5	20.5	..

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 are not available. In those years data as % of total tax revenue cannot be calculated. Data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available.

2. Represents the group of 28 Latin American and Caribbean countries included in this publication and excludes Grenada (up to 2013), Cuba (up to 2020), Suriname (up to 2011) and Venezuela due to data issues. Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico are also part of the OECD (38) group.

3. Represents the unweighted average for OECD member countries.

Table 3.11. Tax revenues of sub-sectors of general government as % of total tax revenue

	Central government			State or regional government			Local government			Social Security Funds
	1995	2010	2024	1995	2010	2024	1995	2010	2024	1995	2010	2024
Federal countries
Argentina	59.0	64.6	64.0	17.5	14.2	17.4	..	..	..	23.4	21.2	18.6
Brazil	44.8	45.9	46.7	26.5	23.8	23.0	3.7	4.8	6.4	25.0	25.5	24.0
Mexico	73.9	78.7	80.1	2.8	3.4	4.5	1.5	1.7	1.6	21.8	16.2	13.7
Venezuela1	94.6	91.9	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	5.4	8.1	..
Regional country
Colombia	63.2	72.4	74.2	5.5	4.9	4.6	8.6	11.1	12.7	22.7	11.7	8.5
Unitary countries
Antigua and Barbuda	100.0	87.4	84.8	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	12.6	15.2
Bahamas	89.1	86.9	89.3	..	..	..	..	..	..	10.9	13.1	10.7
Barbados	85.6	79.4	84.8	..	..	..	..	..	..	14.4	20.6	15.2
Belize	93.2	91.0	88.8	..	..	..	0.5	0.9	0.5	6.3	8.2	10.7
Bolivia	94.3	78.9	70.8	..	..	..	5.7	4.4	4.6	..	16.7	24.6
Chile	89.9	88.1	86.9	..	..	..	6.5	6.8	8.4	3.6	5.1	4.7
Costa Rica	65.5	59.7	59.6	..	..	..	1.6	2.6	2.8	33.0	37.7	37.6
Cuba2	..	35.4	..	..	..	..	..	52.2	..	11.3	12.4	14.3
Dominican Republic	99.3	99.2	99.3	..	..	..	..	..	..	0.7	0.8	0.7
Ecuador3	70.5	76.3	74.7	..	..	..	4.0	2.0	2.8	25.5	21.7	22.4
El Salvador	80.9	84.2	87.9	..	..	..	..	2.1	1.3	19.1	13.6	10.8
Grenada	..	..	100.0	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guatemala	83.6	83.3	83.3	..	..	..	0.6	1.5	1.4	15.8	15.2	15.3
Guyana	92.6	90.9	91.7	..	..	..	..	0.1	0.0	7.4	9.0	8.3
Honduras	86.1	80.0	81.5	..	..	..	4.4	4.1	3.4	9.5	15.9	15.1
Jamaica	100.0	96.2	92.3	..	..	..	..	0.9	1.1	..	2.9	6.6
Nicaragua3	80.4	70.2	72.8	..	..	..	4.6	7.4	6.1	15.0	22.4	21.1
Panama3	67.2	64.7	56.1	..	..	..	..	1.6	1.6	32.8	33.7	42.3
Paraguay	92.0	73.1	72.7	..	..	..	..	4.2	2.3	8.0	22.7	25.0
Peru	88.0	87.1	86.3	..	..	..	..	2.2	2.5	12.0	10.7	11.2
Saint Lucia	100.0	88.9	88.9	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	11.1	11.1
Suriname	..	..	96.8	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	3.2
Trinidad and Tobago	96.8	93.3	88.8	..	..	..	..	..	..	3.2	6.7	11.2
Uruguay	61.7	71.1	67.0	..	..	..	8.8	5.6	5.9	29.5	23.4	27.1

.. Not available

Note: The figures exclude local government revenues for Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina (but include provincial revenues), the Bahamas, Barbados, Cuba (except for 2002-12), the Dominican Republic, Saint Lucia, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela as the data are not available. There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada. Local government revenue data have been available since 1991 for Nicaragua, since 1994 for Bolivia, since 1995 for Guatemala, since 1998 for Jamaica, since 1999 for Panama, since 2000 for Peru, since 2002 for El Salvador and Guyana, since 2006 for Paraguay and since 1990 for all other countries.

1. Some tax revenue data between 2014 and 2017 and data for 2018 and subsequent years are not available. The breakdown by sub-sectors of general government is not available for those years.

2. Figures in 2021 and thereafter are not comparable to data in previous years due to large changes as a result of Cuba’s currency reform.

3. Revenues from local government are estimated in the following countries: Nicaragua (2022-24) and Panama (2023 and 2024). See the corresponding country tables for more information.

Table 3.12. Main central government taxes as % of total tax revenues of central government, 2024

	1000 Income & profits	2000 Social security	3000 Payroll	4000 Property	5000 Goods and services	6000 Others
Federal countries
Argentina	25.3	0.0	0.0	11.4	62.6	0.6
Brazil	57.7	0.0	3.6	3.8	34.9	0.0
Mexico	54.2	0.0	0.0	0.0	44.4	1.4
Venezuela	..	..	..	..	..	..
Regional country
Colombia	46.7	0.0	2.2	6.2	44.4	0.5
Unitary countries
Antigua and Barbuda	11.5	0.0	0.0	8.3	80.2	0.0
Bahamas	0.0	0.0	0.0	11.7	88.3	0.0
Barbados	42.3	0.0	0.0	6.4	51.2	0.0
Belize	26.0	0.0	0.0	4.9	69.1	0.0
Bolivia	16.5	0.0	0.0	0.7	71.0	11.8
Chile	41.9	1.2	0.0	2.7	56.5	-2.3
Costa Rica	33.2	8.1	0.0	1.0	54.5	3.2
Cuba	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	35.2	0.0	0.5	4.9	59.4	0.0
Ecuador	34.9	0.0	0.0	0.4	64.7	0.0
El Salvador	41.5	0.0	0.6	0.8	57.1	0.0
Grenada	29.2	0.0	1.3	0.7	61.2	7.6
Guatemala	21.6	0.0	0.0	4.3	73.2	0.9
Guyana	57.9	0.0	0.0	2.1	39.4	0.6
Honduras	33.7	0.0	0.9	3.7	61.6	0.0
Jamaica	33.4	0.0	6.0	1.4	58.9	0.3
Nicaragua	44.5	0.0	0.0	0.1	55.4	0.0
Panama	46.7	0.0	2.6	3.2	47.0	0.5
Paraguay	27.8	0.0	0.0	0.0	70.3	1.9
Peru	41.7	0.0	0.1	3.7	51.5	3.0
Saint Lucia	24.7	0.0	0.0	2.8	72.5	0.0
Suriname	59.7	0.0	0.0	1.2	39.1	0.0
Trinidad and Tobago	47.7	0.0	0.0	0.0	51.8	0.5
Uruguay	38.0	0.0	0.0	6.8	54.9	0.2

.. Not available

Note: Excluding social security contributions collected by social security funds.

Table 3.13. Main state government taxes as % of total tax revenues of state government, 2024

	1000 Income & profits	2000 Social security	3000 Payroll	4000 Property	5000 Goods and services	6000 Others
Federal countries
Argentina	0.0	0.0	0.0	12.9	85.3	1.8
Brazil	0.0	0.0	0.0	2.1	97.9	0.0
Mexico	0.0	0.0	67.2	13.2	13.5	6.1
Venezuela
Regional country
Colombia	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	71.0	29.0
Unitary countries
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bahamas	..	..	..	..	..	..
Barbados	..	..	..	..	..	..
Belize	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bolivia	..	..	..	..	..	..
Chile	..	..	..	..	..	..
Costa Rica	..	..	..	..	..	..
Cuba	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	..	..	..	..	..	..
Ecuador	..	..	..	..	..	..
El Salvador	..	..	..	..	..	..
Grenada	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guatemala	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guyana	..	..	..	..	..	..
Honduras	..	..	..	..	..	..
Jamaica	..	..	..	..	..	..
Nicaragua	..	..	..	..	..	..
Panama	..	..	..	..	..	..
Paraguay	..	..	..	..	..	..
Peru	..	..	..	..	..	..
Saint Lucia	..	..	..	..	..	..
Suriname	..	..	..	..	..	..
Trinidad and Tobago	..	..	..	..	..	..
Uruguay	..	..	..	..	..	..

.. Not available

Table 3.14. Main local government taxes as % of total tax revenues of local government, 2024

	1000 Income & profits	2000 Social security	3000 Payroll	4000 Property	5000 Goods and services	6000 Others
Federal countries
Argentina	..	..	..	..	..	..
Brazil	0.0	0.0	0.0	38.1	61.9	0.0
Mexico	0.0	0.0	0.0	68.1	1.9	30.0
Venezuela	..	..	..	..	..	..
Regional country
Colombia	0.0	0.0	0.0	29.0	48.2	22.8
Unitary countries
Antigua and Barbuda	..	..	..	..	..	..
Bahamas	..	..	..	..	..	..
Barbados	..	..	..	..	..	..
Belize	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Bolivia	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0
Chile	0.0	0.0	0.0	46.6	53.4	0.0
Costa Rica	0.0	0.0	0.0	48.8	51.1	0.1
Cuba	..	..	..	..	..	..
Dominican Republic	..	..	..	..	..	..
Ecuador	10.4	0.0	0.0	49.6	39.9	0.0
El Salvador	0.0	0.0	0.0	3.2	14.1	82.6
Grenada1	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Guatemala	..	..	..	..	..	..
Guyana	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0
Honduras	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0
Jamaica	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0	0.0
Nicaragua	0.0	0.0	0.0	19.3	64.6	16.1
Panama	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	100.0	0.0
Paraguay	0.0	0.0	0.0	49.7	45.2	5.0
Peru	0.0	0.0	0.0	86.3	13.4	0.3
Saint Lucia	..	..	..	..	..	..
Suriname	..	..	..	..	..	..
Trinidad and Tobago	..	..	..	..	..	..
Uruguay	0.0	0.0	0.0	52.6	37.8	9.7

.. Not available

1.There are no autonomous local government institutions in Grenada.

Table 3.15. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of national currency

		1990	2000	2010	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	XCD	..	2 433	3 506	3 881	4 661	3 811	4 326	5 040	5 546	5 838
Argentina	ARS	77 060	317 759	1 661 721	5 954 511	21 558 444	27 209 814	46 219 084	82 810 045	192 408 248	583 909 615
Bahamas	BSD	5 218	8 076	10 096	11 838	13 277	10 363	12 037	13 897	15 271	15 833
Barbados	BBD	4 167	6 623	10 275	10 576	11 577	10 337	10 550	12 515	13 441	14 337
Belize	BZD	1 094	2 276	3 498	4 386	4 762	4 095	4 857	5 693	6 105	6 407
Bolivia	BOB	15 443	51 928	137 876	228 031	282 587	253 112	279 206	304 097	311 886	322 193
Brazil	BRL	12	1 199 092	3 885 847	5 995 787	7 389 131	7 609 597	9 012 142	10 079 677	10 943 345	11 744 710
Chile	CLP	10 594 797	42 215 030	110 777 867	158 622 903	195 531 722	201 257 745	239 418 124	263 065 443	281 857 486	311 630 878
Colombia	COP	22 731 433	195 108 574	544 060 000	804 692 000	1 060 068 000	998 471 000	1 192 634 000	1 471 079 000	1 584 562 000	1 705 322 400
Costa Rica	CRC	525 310	4 627 051	19 802 011	30 171 919	37 832 150	36 495 246	40 326 626	44 810 031	47 059 272	49 115 935
Cuba	CUP	19 645	30 565	64 328	87 133	103 428	107 352	545 218	633 093	829 215	1 084 738
Dominican Republic	DOP	77 344	393 303	1 981 024	3 196 734	4 572 738	4 439 814	5 427 464	6 257 295	6 764 533	7 402 888
Ecuador	USD	14 949	17 531	68 151	97 210	107 657	97 704	106 909	113 183	115 434	124 676
El Salvador	USD	4 818	11 785	18 448	23 438	26 881	24 921	29 043	31 870	33 854	35 365
Grenada	XCD	..	..	..	2 692	3 276	2 817	3 032	3 306	3 555	3 790
Guatemala	GTQ	33 613	140 702	333 093	476 023	593 972	600 123	668 681	741 053	817 413	878 263
Guyana	GYD	34 523	273 054	699 064	883 787	1 078 729	1 140 757	1 676 624	3 068 784	3 527 508	5 142 175
Honduras	HNL	20 243	106 654	299 286	460 405	609 827	574 042	675 933	769 494	845 209	919 894
Jamaica	JMD	34 448	395 009	1 152 780	1 659 677	2 053 279	2 121 087	1 948 842	2 322 193	2 753 530	3 027 128
Mexico	MXN	885 513	7 016 604	13 968 150	19 228 615	25 121 823	24 086 758	26 690 033	29 516 052	31 855 566	33 913 829
Nicaragua	NIO	..	64 812	187 053	347 707	420 614	437 052	499 746	560 881	648 866	721 278
Panama	PAB	5 933	12 962	29 440	54 092	69 722	57 087	67 407	76 523	83 812	86 524
Paraguay	PYG	7 147 738	30 874 088	129 092 883	188 477 327	236 681 497	239 914 729	270 633 896	292 946 789	314 281 973	336 114 382
Peru	PEN	5 322	175 862	421 734	619 267	788 901	734 006	891 797	951 695	1 017 418	1 106 259
Saint Lucia	XCD	..	2 516	4 004	4 881	5 657	4 081	5 047	6 301	6 471	6 951
Suriname	SRD	..	..	..	17 515	31 732	38 719	61 226	93 687	127 711	146 551
Trinidad and Tobago	TTD	21 910	52 255	143 589	171 178	158 576	141 019	163 712	191 420	169 006	173 030
Uruguay	UYU	13 103	301 275	881 592	1 588 292	2 193 671	2 250 205	2 645 464	2 906 435	3 027 941	3 255 687
Venezuela	VEF	0	1	10	..	..	..	..	..	..	..

.. Not available

Source: OECD National Accounts data for Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica and Mexico, the World Economic Outlook (IMF) for Barbados, Belize, Saint Lucia, Trinidad and Tobago, and Uruguay, and official National Accounts data for Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Peru and Venezuela. For Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, the Bahamas, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Jamaica, Nicaragua and Panama, official national sources were used where available, together with data from the IMF. For Cuba, figures since 1996 have come from Oficina Nacional de Estadística e Información (ONEI), while data before 1996 come from ECLAC/CEPAL. For Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Saint Lucia, and Trinidad and Tobago, GDP figures are reported on a fiscal year basis. For Jamaica, GDP for 1990-2003 are reported on a fiscal year basis, while for other years, they are reported on a calendar year basis.

Table 3.16. Gross domestic product for tax reporting years at market prices, in millions of USD

	1990	2000	2010	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	..	901	1 298	1 437	1 726	1 412	1 602	1 867	2 054	2 162
Argentina	158 024	317 759	424 729	642 464	446 762	385 218	486 040	633 520	648 895	637 234
Bahamas	5 218	8 076	10 096	11 838	13 277	10 363	12 037	13 897	15 271	15 833
Barbados	2 084	3 312	5 138	5 288	5 788	5 168	5 275	6 257	6 721	7 169
Belize	547	1 138	1 749	2 193	2 381	2 047	2 429	2 847	3 052	3 204
Bolivia	4 868	8 385	19 786	33 241	41 193	36 897	40 701	44 329	45 464	46 967
Brazil	464 995	655 453	2 208 704	1 800 046	1 873 286	1 476 092	1 670 650	1 951 850	2 191 138	2 179 413
Chile	34 748	78 236	217 105	242 497	278 180	253 880	315 457	301 227	335 518	330 268
Colombia	45 258	93 446	286 499	293 492	323 032	270 348	318 525	345 632	366 292	418 543
Costa Rica	5 736	15 014	37 659	56 442	64 418	62 396	64 961	69 244	86 498	95 350
Cuba	21 541	30 565	64 328	87 133	103 428	107 352	22 717	12 973	9 239	12 100
Dominican Republic	7 995	24 306	53 862	71 056	89 237	78 625	95 067	113 813	120 794	124 613
Ecuador	14 949	17 531	68 151	97 210	107 657	97 704	106 909	113 183	115 434	124 676
El Salvador	4 818	11 785	18 448	23 438	26 881	24 921	29 043	31 870	33 854	35 365
Grenada	..	..	..	997	1 213	1 043	1 123	1 225	1 317	1 404
Guatemala	7 535	18 124	41 326	62 180	77 156	77 718	86 443	95 642	104 354	113 190
Guyana	685	1 497	3 433	4 280	5 174	5 471	8 041	14 718	16 919	24 663
Honduras	4 923	7 104	15 837	20 978	24 883	23 350	28 146	31 425	34 356	37 100
Jamaica	4 568	8 997	13 193	14 154	15 380	14 973	12 939	15 052	17 762	19 250
Mexico	314 838	742 061	1 105 424	1 213 294	1 304 106	1 121 065	1 316 569	1 466 465	1 793 799	1 853 215
Nicaragua	..	5 109	8 759	12 757	12 713	12 730	14 208	15 634	17 813	19 694
Panama	5 933	12 962	29 440	54 092	69 722	57 087	67 407	76 523	83 812	86 524
Paraguay	5 812	8 856	27 129	36 211	37 925	35 432	39 951	41 953	43 118	44 458
Peru	28 326	50 414	149 284	194 425	236 413	209 984	229 832	248 203	271 780	294 675
Saint Lucia	..	932	1 483	1 808	2 095	1 511	1 869	2 334	2 397	2 574
Suriname	..	..	..	5 126	4 016	2 912	3 109	3 802	3 462	4 434
Trinidad and Tobago	5 155	8 330	22 634	26 981	23 471	20 889	24 229	28 332	25 038	25 636
Uruguay	11 204	24 892	43 967	58 218	62 229	53 557	60 742	70 600	77 997	80 961
Venezuela	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..

.. Not available

Source: The figures are derived by dividing the GDP data in Table 3.15 by the exchange rate in Table 3.17.

Table 3.17. Exchange rates used, national currency per US dollar at market exchange rates

		1990	2000	2010	2015	2019	2020	2021	2022	2023	2024
Antigua and Barbuda	XCD	..	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700
Argentina	ARS	0.488	1.000	3.912	9.268	48.255	70.635	95.093	130.714	296.517	916.318
Bahamas	BSD	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Barbados	BBD	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000
Belize	BZD	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000	2.000
Bolivia	BOB	3.173	6.193	6.968	6.860	6.860	6.860	6.860	6.860	6.860	6.860
Brazil	BRL	0.000	1.829	1.759	3.331	3.944	5.155	5.394	5.164	4.994	5.389
Chile	CLP	304.903	539.588	510.249	654.124	702.897	792.727	758.955	873.314	840.067	943.570
Colombia	COP	502.260	2087.918	1898.998	2741.782	3281.622	3693.276	3744.244	4256.194	4325.955	4074.430
Costa Rica	CRC	91.579	308.187	525.829	534.566	587.295	584.901	620.785	647.136	544.051	515.110
Cuba	CUP	0.912	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	24.000	48.801	89.752	89.648
Dominican Republic	DOP	9.674	16.181	36.779	44.989	51.243	56.469	57.091	54.979	56.001	59.407
Ecuador	USD	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
El Salvador	USD	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Grenada	XCD	..	..	..	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700
Guatemala	GTQ	4.461	7.764	8.060	7.656	7.698	7.722	7.735	7.748	7.833	7.759
Guyana	GYD	50.420	182.430	203.636	206.500	208.500	208.500	208.500	208.500	208.500	208.500
Honduras	HNL	4.112	15.014	18.898	21.948	24.508	24.584	24.015	24.487	24.602	24.795
Jamaica	JMD	7.541	43.907	87.378	117.255	133.505	141.661	150.622	154.279	155.027	157.254
Mexico	MXN	2.813	9.456	12.636	15.848	19.264	21.486	20.272	20.127	17.759	18.300
Nicaragua	NIO	..	12.685	21.356	27.257	33.084	34.331	35.173	35.876	36.427	36.624
Panama	PAB	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000	1.000
Paraguay	PYG	1229.808	3486.353	4758.430	5204.921	6240.722	6771.097	6774.163	6982.752	7288.872	7560.248
Peru	PEN	0.188	3.488	2.825	3.185	3.337	3.496	3.880	3.834	3.744	3.754
Saint Lucia	XCD	..	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700	2.700
Suriname	SRD	..	..	..	3.417	7.901	13.297	19.695	24.642	36.887	33.050
Trinidad and Tobago	TTD	4.250	6.273	6.344	6.344	6.756	6.751	6.757	6.756	6.750	6.750
Uruguay	UYU	1.169	12.103	20.051	27.282	35.251	42.016	43.552	41.168	38.821	40.213
Venezuela	VEF	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..	..

.. Not available

Note: Annual average market exchange rates.

Source: World Economic Outlook (IMF), October 2025.