This study uses the OECD METRO model to analyse the consequences of global demographic change and migration on the German economy. The projected shrinking of the working age population in Germany and its main trading partners decreases GDP noticeably until 2030, and German manufacturing sectors experience a strong deterioration of their position on global export markets. However, if net migration inflows increase moderately compared to the average over 2010-2019, particularly regarding workers with Vocational Education and Training degrees, the negative effects of population ageing on the competitiveness of German manufacturing sectors can be reduced to a large extent.
